Questions and Answers
What term describes the community organizing participatory action research approach?
What is the normal range for fetal heart tone (FHT)?
Which factor is NOT considered a determinant of health?
What can contribute to the gap in healthcare between the rich and the poor?
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What is suggested by the increase in both communicable and non-communicable diseases?
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Which of the following countries has a significant focus on Primary Health Care (PHC)?
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What is a potential outcome of low education levels in a community?
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How does gender influence health within communities?
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What is the primary mission of the health system in the Philippines?
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Which significant change occurred in 1991 concerning the structure of health services in the Philippines?
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Who is the current Secretary of Health as mentioned in the document?
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What health services are municipal and city governments primarily responsible for?
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What was the purpose of the Health Sector Reform Agenda (HSRA) developed between 1991-2004?
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Which level of government is responsible for providing health services in the periphery of municipalities or cities?
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What is emphasized in the vision for the health status of Filipinos by 2024?
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Which statement is true regarding the autonomy of local government units (LGUs) in health service planning?
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Study Notes
Community Health and Development Overview
- A community consists of individuals who share common values and interests; includes varied family compositions.
- Community functions as a client, while hospitals serve patients.
Fetal Heart Tone (FHT)
- Normal range for fetal heart tone is between 120 to 160 beats per minute.
Community Organizing Participatory Action Research (COPAR)
- A social development framework aimed at transforming apathetic individuals into active, participatory members of the community.
Philippine Health Situation
- Focuses on the demographic and health indicators within the Philippines.
- Highlights the importance of understanding different health concepts, family structures, and community health principles.
Health Care Framework
- WHO defines healthcare as solutions for maintaining the health of individuals, families, and communities.
- Recommended healthcare ratio is one midwife for every 5,000 people.
Disparities in Healthcare
- Significant gaps exist in healthcare access between rich and poor populations.
- Common reasons for gaps:
- Low healthcare budget
- Insufficient healthcare manpower
Advances in Healthcare
- Advances like ultrasounds have improved healthcare outcomes.
- Maternal and child health services have seen progress, yet many Filipinos still experience illnesses and lack knowledge.
Primary Health Care (PHC)
- Aimed at improving overall health access and knowledge through initiatives like the Generics Act and National Health Insurance Act.
Risk Factors for Health
- Communicable disease risks include smoking, obesity, high-fat diets, and lack of exercise.
- Non-communicable diseases continue to be a leading cause of health issues, with rising rates of diabetes and cancer.
Determinants of Health
- Health is influenced by various factors, including:
- Income and social status
- Education levels
- Physical environment (safe water, clean air)
- Social support networks
- Genetics
- Access and utilization of healthcare services
- Gender differences in health outcomes
Department of Health (DOH) in the Philippines
- Principal health agency responsible for public health services and quality healthcare regulation.
- Current Secretary: Dr. Teodoro Herbosa.
- DOH mission: To develop an equitable, resilient, and people-centered health system.
- Vision: Aim for Filipinos to be among the healthiest in Southeast Asia by 2022 and in Asia by 2024.
Historical Context of Health in the Philippines
- Traditional herbal medicine was used before 1898 for healing practices.
- The Department of Public Work, Education, and Hygiene was created in 1898.
- The Ministry of Health was established in 1982 and later reorganized in 1987.
- The local government code of 1991 decentralized healthcare management to local government units (LGUs), affecting budgeting and execution of health services.
Local Health System Management
- DOH leads the implementation of national health services.
- Provincial governments manage provincial and district hospitals.
- Municipal and city governments oversee primary care through rural health units and health centers.
- Barangay health stations provide localized health services outside municipal boundaries.
- LGUs are mandated to autonomously plan and implement basic health services based on local needs and capabilities.
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Description
This quiz focuses on key concepts in community health and development introduced in MID 202. Topics include the relationship between communities and clients, the significance of Fetal Heart Tone, and the principles of Community Organizing Participatory Action Research (COPAR). Test your understanding of these foundational ideas and their implications for health practices.
