29 Questions
What temperature range is used in the holder method for sterilization?
63°C - 66°C
What is the purpose of the Tyndallization method?
To kill vegetative organisms on the 2nd day
What is a limitation of boiling as a sterilization method?
Ineffective against spores
In the flash method, at what temperature is sterilization achieved?
72°C
Which physical method is the principal method for sterilizing heat-labile materials?
Filtration
Which of the following is NOT an agent that denatures proteins?
Heavy metals
What is the primary mechanism by which alcohols exert their antimicrobial activity?
Requiring the presence of water for activity
Which of the following is the primary mechanism by which halogens, such as chlorine and iodine, act as antimicrobials?
Inactivating enzymes
What is the primary mechanism of action of silver nitrate as an antimicrobial agent?
Modifying the functional groups of proteins and nucleic acids
Which of the following is the most effective antimicrobial agent against viruses?
Halogens
What is the primary mechanism of action of household bleach (sodium hypochlorite) as an antimicrobial agent?
Inactivating enzymes
What is the main difference between an autoclave and a hot air sterilizer?
The autoclave uses saturated steam under pressure while the hot air sterilizer uses infra-red radiation.
What is the primary purpose of autoclaving in sterilization?
To kill all micro-organisms, including spores.
Why is autoclave control essential in the sterilization process?
To monitor the heat levels at which the autoclave operates.
What is the significance of the dark color change in the Bowie Dick Method?
It signifies that sterilization has not been completed satisfactorily.
What distinguishes pasteurization from sterilization?
Pasteurization ensures destruction of non-spore forming organisms, while sterilization kills all micro-organisms.
In what way does an autoclave differ from a steam-jacketed autoclave?
The standing table-top autoclave has a different order of indication than the steam-jacketed one.
Which disinfectant is 10 times more effective than formaldehyde?
Glutaraldehyde
Which type of item is Glutaraldehyde commonly used to disinfect?
Medical instruments like scalpels
What is a common use of formaldehyde mentioned in the text?
Preserving tissues
Which organism is NOT mentioned to be effectively targeted by phenols and their derivatives?
Viruses
What makes glutaraldehyde an ideal disinfectant for critical items used in invasive procedures according to the text?
Broad spectrum activity
Which of the following is NOT a method of high-level disinfection according to the text?
Formaldehyde-free solution
What is the purpose of using a cotton wool plug in tubes during the filtration of air?
To allow sterile air to enter
Which type of filter is composed of compressed asbestos?
Seitz filter
What is the main function of Gamma radiation and X-rays when used for sterilization?
Denature proteins and nucleic acids
Which radiation type absorbs water molecules and then releases microwave energy as heat?
Microwave radiation
What is the purpose of a Berkefield filter?
To trap bacteria, fungi, and extraneous materials
What is the range of wavelengths for Ultraviolet light used to reduce the number of micro-organisms in air?
Between 250 and 270 nm
Test your knowledge on different sterilization methods used in microbiology. Learn about techniques like autoclaving, boiling, and tyndallization that are crucial for killing different types of microorganisms. Challenge yourself with questions on optimal temperatures and exposure times for effective sterilization.
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