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Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the atom $6C^{12}$?
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the atom $6C^{12}$?
Calculate the molecular weight of ethyl alcohol $C_2H_5OH$.
Calculate the molecular weight of ethyl alcohol $C_2H_5OH$.
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Which of the following is not true about enzymes?
Which of the following is not true about enzymes?
Which of the following is NOT true?
Which of the following is NOT true?
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Which of the following is the type of bond holding $K^+$ and $I^-$ ions in $KI$?
Which of the following is the type of bond holding $K^+$ and $I^-$ ions in $KI$?
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Which of the following is the type of bond between molecules of water in a beaker of water?
Which of the following is the type of bond between molecules of water in a beaker of water?
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What are the types of bonds holding hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the molecule $H_2O$?
What are the types of bonds holding hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the molecule $H_2O$?
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Identify the following reaction: Glucose + Fructose = Sucrose + Water.
Identify the following reaction: Glucose + Fructose = Sucrose + Water.
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Identify the following reaction: Lactose + H2O = Glucose + Galactose.
Identify the following reaction: Lactose + H2O = Glucose + Galactose.
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Identify the following reaction: HCl + NaHCO₃ = NaCl + H₂CO₃.
Identify the following reaction: HCl + NaHCO₃ = NaCl + H₂CO₃.
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Identify the following reaction: NH₄OH = NH₃ + H₂O.
Identify the following reaction: NH₄OH = NH₃ + H₂O.
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Which type of molecule contains the alcohol glycerol?
Which type of molecule contains the alcohol glycerol?
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Which type of molecule is composed of (CH₂O) units?
Which type of molecule is composed of (CH₂O) units?
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Which type of molecule contains -NH₂ groups?
Which type of molecule contains -NH₂ groups?
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Which type of molecule never contains a phosphate group?
Which type of molecule never contains a phosphate group?
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Which of the following statements is NOT true about the atom $16O^{8}$?
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the atom $16O^{8}$?
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Which of the following statements is NOT true?
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
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What is the type of bond between carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in organic molecules?
What is the type of bond between carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in organic molecules?
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What type of bond is between ions in salt?
What type of bond is between ions in salt?
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Identify the following reaction: $H_2O + CO_2 = H_2CO_3$.
Identify the following reaction: $H_2O + CO_2 = H_2CO_3$.
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Identify the following reaction: $Sucrose + H_2O = Glucose + Fructose$.
Identify the following reaction: $Sucrose + H_2O = Glucose + Fructose$.
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Structurally, ATP is most like this type of molecule.
Structurally, ATP is most like this type of molecule.
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Which molecule has chemicals in genes?
Which molecule has chemicals in genes?
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Which molecule is composed of a chain of amino acids?
Which molecule is composed of a chain of amino acids?
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These are the primary molecules making up plasma membranes in cells.
These are the primary molecules making up plasma membranes in cells.
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Oil-degrading bacteria are naturally present in the environment but cannot degrade an oil spill fast enough to avoid ecological damage. The actions of these bacteria can be sped up by?
Oil-degrading bacteria are naturally present in the environment but cannot degrade an oil spill fast enough to avoid ecological damage. The actions of these bacteria can be sped up by?
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An E. coli culture that has been growing at 37 degrees C is moved to 25 degrees C. Which of the following changes must be made in its plasma membrane?
An E. coli culture that has been growing at 37 degrees C is moved to 25 degrees C. Which of the following changes must be made in its plasma membrane?
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Assume Saccharomyces cerevisiae is grown in a nutrient medium containing the radioisotope $^{35}S$. After 48 hours of incubation, the $^{35}S$ would most likely be found in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Assume Saccharomyces cerevisiae is grown in a nutrient medium containing the radioisotope $^{35}S$. After 48 hours of incubation, the $^{35}S$ would most likely be found in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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Assume Saccharomyces cerevisiae is grown in a nutrient medium containing the radioisotope $^{32}P$. After 48 hours of incubation, the $^{32}P$ would most likely be found in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Assume Saccharomyces cerevisiae is grown in a nutrient medium containing the radioisotope $^{32}P$. After 48 hours of incubation, the $^{32}P$ would most likely be found in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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Starch, dextran, glycogen, and cellulose are polymers of?
Starch, dextran, glycogen, and cellulose are polymers of?
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Which of the following is a base?
Which of the following is a base?
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Two glucose molecules are combined to make a maltose molecule. The chemical formula for maltose is?
Two glucose molecules are combined to make a maltose molecule. The chemical formula for maltose is?
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Desulfovibrio bacteria can perform the following reactions: $S_6
ightarrow S_2$? These bacteria are?
Desulfovibrio bacteria can perform the following reactions: $S_6 ightarrow S_2$? These bacteria are?
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The antimicrobial drug imidazole inhibits sterol synthesis. This would most likely interfere with?
The antimicrobial drug imidazole inhibits sterol synthesis. This would most likely interfere with?
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Study Notes
Atoms and Molecular Weights
- Atom (6C^{12}) has 6 protons, 6 electrons, and 6 neutrons. Incorrect statement: It has 12 neutrons.
- Ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) has a molecular weight of 46.
Enzymes and Their Functions
- Enzymes reduce activation energy and are composed of proteins. Incorrect statement: Enzymes increase the number of collisions in reactions.
Water Properties and Reactions
- Water is polar, can dissolve salts, and participates in dehydration reactions. Incorrect statement: Water molecules are formed by hydrolysis.
- Types of bonds:
- Ionic bonds: Example is potassium iodide (KI).
- Hydrogen bonds: Occur between molecules of water.
- Covalent bonds: Hold hydrogen and oxygen in H2O.
Types of Chemical Reactions
- Dehydration synthesis combines glucose and fructose to form sucrose.
- Hydrolysis involves breaking lactose into glucose and galactose.
- Exchange reactions involve HCl and NaHCO3 forming NaCl and H2CO3.
- Reversible reactions can occur, as seen in NH4OH breaking down into NH3 and water.
Biological Molecules
- Glycerol is found in lipids.
- Carbohydrates are composed of (CH2O) units and never contain phosphate groups.
- Proteins contain -NH2 groups and consist of amino acid chains.
- Nucleic acids contain genetic material, while lipids primarily make up cell membranes.
Environmental Microbiology
- To enhance oil-degrading bacteria in oil spills, providing nitrogen and phosphorus is effective.
- Temperature changes require E. coli to increase unsaturated chains in its plasma membrane for adaptation.
Radioisotope Experiments
- After growing Saccharomyces cerevisiae with 35^S, it would mainly be found in proteins.
- With 32^P, it would predominantly be in plasma membranes.
Polymer Structure
- Starch, dextran, glycogen, and cellulose are polymers of glucose.
Acid-Base Chemistry
- NaOH dissociates into Na+ and OH-, classifying it as a base.
- Maltose is formed from two glucose molecules, with a chemical formula of (C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}).
Bacterial Reactions
- Desulfovibrio bacteria oxidize sulfur through the reaction (S_6 \rightarrow S_2).
- Imidazole, an antimicrobial drug, interferes with eukaryotic plasma membranes by inhibiting sterol synthesis.
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Test your understanding of Microbiology Chapter 2 concepts with these flashcards. Each card contains multiple-choice questions about atomic structures and molecular weights. Challenge your knowledge and prepare for your assessments effectively!
