Questions and Answers
What is the Survey Method?
What type of observation involves humans or animals being observed in their environment without being aware?
Naturalistic Observation
What is a Case Study?
An in-depth investigation into an individual's background and history
What type of study involves observing and studying two random groups at the same time?
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What are Longitudinal Studies?
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What do Psychological Tests measure?
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What are Correlational Methods?
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What is a Positive Correlation?
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What is a Negative Correlation?
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What are Confounding Variables?
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What are Random Variables?
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What are Participant Expectations?
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What is Experimenter Bias?
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Study Notes
Survey Method
- Utilizes questionnaires or interviews to gather data about behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, opinions, and intentions from large groups.
Naturalistic Observation
- Involves the unobtrusive observation of humans or animals in their natural environments, yielding authentic and uncontaminated behavioral data.
Case Study
- An extensive investigation into an individual's background, history, or a small group, providing deep insights into specific cases.
Cross-Sectional Study
- Examines and compares two randomly selected groups at the same time, effectively avoiding issues commonly encountered in longitudinal studies.
Longitudinal Studies
- Focus on observing and studying the same group of subjects over an extended period, offering comprehensive in-depth data.
Psychological Tests
- Includes assessments such as IQ, personality tests, inkblot tests, picture completion tasks, aptitude tests, and achievement tests, providing quick insight into psychological metrics.
Correlational Methods
- Measures the strength and direction of relationships between variables, primarily aiming to predict behaviors.
Positive Correlation
- Describes a relationship where an increase in one variable corresponds with an increase in another variable.
Negative Correlation
- Indicates an inverse relationship, where an increase in one variable results in a decrease in another.
Confounding Variables
- Any extraneous variable that could confuse results or impact either the dependent or independent variables, potentially leading to misleading conclusions.
Random Variables
- Refers to confounding variables that vary due to background factors such as personalities, physical health, stress levels, environmental noise, and time of day, complicating the reliability of experiments.
Participant Expectations
- Subjects may have preconceived notions about expected outcomes, leading them to either display anticipated behaviors or consciously avoid them, thus influencing the results.
Experimenter Bias
- Occurs when researchers' expectations about results inadvertently influence their behavior, leading them to manipulate conditions to achieve desired outcomes rather than allowing for genuine reactions.
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Description
Test your knowledge of various correlational research methodologies in psychology with this quiz! Explore key concepts such as survey methods, naturalistic observation, and case studies. Perfect for students wanting to deepen their understanding of research methods in psychology.
