Podcast
Questions and Answers
According to the DSM-5, what is a key characteristic that distinguishes a mental disorder from a predictable response to a common stressor?
According to the DSM-5, what is a key characteristic that distinguishes a mental disorder from a predictable response to a common stressor?
- The intensity of the symptoms.
- The duration of the symptoms.
- The presence of significant distress in the individual's life.
- The lack of cultural approval for the response. (correct)
- The presence of dysfunction in biological, psychological, or developmental processes needed for mental functioning.
Which of the following does NOT represent a potential disadvantage of classification systems in mental health?
Which of the following does NOT represent a potential disadvantage of classification systems in mental health?
- The development of new treatments specifically targeting each disorder. (correct)
- Stigma associated with certain diagnoses.
- Impact on self-concept due to diagnostic labeling.
- Loss of individual information and personal details.
Which of the following is correctly defined as a potential disadvantage of categorization in psychological assessment?
Which of the following is correctly defined as a potential disadvantage of categorization in psychological assessment?
- Categorization allows for the systematization of information, leading to better research and treatment planning.
- Categorization can ignore the uniqueness of each individual's experiences and personality traits. (correct)
- Categorization can help in the assessment of insurance reimbursement, ensuring proper compensation for treatments provided.
- Categorization can lead to a shared vocabulary among clinicians and researchers, which is a benefit of classification systems.
- Categorization helps to define the limits of what is considered pathological, furthering research and development of new treatment methods.
According to the passage, what is the primary reason for using the term "a person with schizophrenia" rather than "a schizophrenic"?
According to the passage, what is the primary reason for using the term "a person with schizophrenia" rather than "a schizophrenic"?
Which of the following is NOT a reason why the DSM should be seen as a work in progress?
Which of the following is NOT a reason why the DSM should be seen as a work in progress?
In the context of the passage, which of the following best represents the meaning of "clinically significant disturbance" in the definition of a mental disorder?
In the context of the passage, which of the following best represents the meaning of "clinically significant disturbance" in the definition of a mental disorder?
What does the passage suggest is the primary goal of classification systems in mental health?
What does the passage suggest is the primary goal of classification systems in mental health?
The passage highlights a key consideration in the use of diagnostic classification systems in mental health. What is it?
The passage highlights a key consideration in the use of diagnostic classification systems in mental health. What is it?
Which of the following is the most prevalent category of mental disorders according to the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)?
Which of the following is the most prevalent category of mental disorders according to the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)?
Which of the following is NOT a type of prevalence used to estimate the number of cases of a disorder?
Which of the following is NOT a type of prevalence used to estimate the number of cases of a disorder?
What is the estimated 1-year prevalence of any mood disorder in the United States?
What is the estimated 1-year prevalence of any mood disorder in the United States?
What is the term for the number of new cases of a disorder in a population over a given period of time?
What is the term for the number of new cases of a disorder in a population over a given period of time?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to the impact of culture on mental health?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to the impact of culture on mental health?
Which of the following is an example of a specific phobia mentioned in the content?
Which of the following is an example of a specific phobia mentioned in the content?
How does culture impact the clinical presentation of psychological disorders?
How does culture impact the clinical presentation of psychological disorders?
Which of the following is an individual disorder frequently identified in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)?
Which of the following is an individual disorder frequently identified in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)?
Which of the following is NOT considered an indicator of abnormality?
Which of the following is NOT considered an indicator of abnormality?
What does the acronym DSM-5 stand for?
What does the acronym DSM-5 stand for?
Which of the following is an example of how culture can influence what is considered abnormal?
Which of the following is an example of how culture can influence what is considered abnormal?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a mental disorder according to the DSM-5?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a mental disorder according to the DSM-5?
What is the name of the classification system used by the World Health Organization for mental disorders?
What is the name of the classification system used by the World Health Organization for mental disorders?
Which of the following is an example of 'maladaptiveness' as an indicator of abnormality?
Which of the following is an example of 'maladaptiveness' as an indicator of abnormality?
What is meant by the term 'family aggregation' in the context of abnormal psychology?
What is meant by the term 'family aggregation' in the context of abnormal psychology?
Which of the following is an example of 'irrationality and unpredictability' as an indicator of abnormality?
Which of the following is an example of 'irrationality and unpredictability' as an indicator of abnormality?
Which mental disorder has the highest lifetime prevalence in the United States according to Table 1.2?
Which mental disorder has the highest lifetime prevalence in the United States according to Table 1.2?
According to the content, what is the 1-year prevalence of serious mental illness in adults in the United States?
According to the content, what is the 1-year prevalence of serious mental illness in adults in the United States?
Which of the following groups has higher rates of severe mental illness based on Figure 1.1?
Which of the following groups has higher rates of severe mental illness based on Figure 1.1?
What does the term 'comorbidity' refer to in the context of mental health?
What does the term 'comorbidity' refer to in the context of mental health?
According to Figure 1.2, which mental disorder causes the greatest total disability across the lifespan?
According to Figure 1.2, which mental disorder causes the greatest total disability across the lifespan?
What is the key difference between inpatient and outpatient treatment for mental health?
What is the key difference between inpatient and outpatient treatment for mental health?
What is a key professional involved in the treatment of mental disorders, as discussed in the text?
What is a key professional involved in the treatment of mental disorders, as discussed in the text?
What is the main source of information about the prevalence of mental disorders in the United States, according to the text?
What is the main source of information about the prevalence of mental disorders in the United States, according to the text?
Flashcards
DSM-5 definition
DSM-5 definition
A mental disorder is a syndrome in an individual with significant disturbances in behavior, emotion regulation, and cognitive functioning.
Dysfunction
Dysfunction
Disturbances in biological, psychological, or developmental processes that affect mental functioning.
Significant distress
Significant distress
Associated feelings of discomfort or disability in a person's social or work life due to mental disorders.
Cultural responses
Cultural responses
Signup and view all the flashcards
Classification advantages
Classification advantages
Signup and view all the flashcards
Disadvantages of classification
Disadvantages of classification
Signup and view all the flashcards
Person-first language
Person-first language
Signup and view all the flashcards
Culture and abnormality
Culture and abnormality
Signup and view all the flashcards
Abnormal Psychology
Abnormal Psychology
Signup and view all the flashcards
Indicators of Abnormality
Indicators of Abnormality
Signup and view all the flashcards
Subjective distress
Subjective distress
Signup and view all the flashcards
Maladaptiveness
Maladaptiveness
Signup and view all the flashcards
Statistical deviancy
Statistical deviancy
Signup and view all the flashcards
DSM-5
DSM-5
Signup and view all the flashcards
Family aggregation
Family aggregation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Mental Health Epidemiology
Mental Health Epidemiology
Signup and view all the flashcards
Prevalence
Prevalence
Signup and view all the flashcards
Point Prevalence
Point Prevalence
Signup and view all the flashcards
1-Year Prevalence
1-Year Prevalence
Signup and view all the flashcards
Lifetime Prevalence
Lifetime Prevalence
Signup and view all the flashcards
Incidence
Incidence
Signup and view all the flashcards
Common Mental Disorders
Common Mental Disorders
Signup and view all the flashcards
Major Depressive Disorder
Major Depressive Disorder
Signup and view all the flashcards
Comorbidity
Comorbidity
Signup and view all the flashcards
Alcohol Abuse
Alcohol Abuse
Signup and view all the flashcards
Specific Phobia
Specific Phobia
Signup and view all the flashcards
Social Phobia
Social Phobia
Signup and view all the flashcards
Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs)
Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Inpatient vs. Outpatient Treatment
Inpatient vs. Outpatient Treatment
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Abnormal Psychology: Chapter 1 Overview
- Abnormal psychology is concerned with understanding the nature, causes, and treatment of mental disorders.
- Family aggregation is a factor; examining if a disorder runs in families.
- Asking questions is vital for psychologists.
Defining Abnormality
- There's no single standard for abnormality.
- The more difficulties a person has in the following areas, the more likely they have a mental disorder:
- Subjective Distress
- Maladaptiveness
- Statistical Deviancy
- Violation of societal standards
- Social Discomfort
- Irrationality and unpredictability
- Dangerousness
- Culture influences abnormality perceptions. Behaviors considered abnormal in one time/culture may be normal in another.
The DSM-5 and Mental Disorders
- The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) is the standard for defining mental disorders in the US.
- The current version (DSM-5) was published in 2013.
- Other classification systems exist, like the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD).
DSM-5 Definition of Mental Disorder
- A mental disorder is a syndrome in an individual that involves clinically significant disturbance in behavior, emotion regulation, or cognitive functioning.
- Disturbances reflect dysfunction in biological, psychological, or developmental processes.
- Associated with distress or disability in social or work life.
- Culturally approved responses to stressors (like death) are excluded.
- Not stemming from social deviance or conflicts with society.
- The DSM is seen as a work in progress and will continue to be updated.
Classification and Diagnosis Advantages
- Provides nomenclature (a naming system).
- Creates common language for clinicians and researchers.
- Structures information helpfully.
- Facilitates research.
- Defines what is considered pathological.
- Assists insurance reimbursement assessment.
Classification and Diagnosis Disadvantages
- Loss of specific individual details due to simplification.
- Stigma and stereotyping attached to diagnoses can create prejudice.
- Diagnostic labels can impact self-concept.
- Diagnostic systems classify disorders, not people.
- The focus should be on patients, rather than their illness. (e.g., "a person with schizophrenia", not "a schizophrenic")
Culture and Abnormality
- Culture affects how abnormality is defined.
- Cultures vary in how psychological distress is described.
- Culture shapes clinical presentation and psychopathology experienced.
Prevalence and Incidence
- Mental health epidemiology studies the distribution of mental disorders.
- Prevalence is the number of active cases in a population during a given time period (expressed in percentages or different types of prevalence estimates, like point prevalence, 1-year prevalence, and lifetime prevalence).
- Incidence is the number of new cases in a population over a given time period; generally lower than prevalence figures.
Prevalence Estimates of Mental Disorders
- National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) offers data on prevalence.
- Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent category.
- Major depressive disorder, alcohol abuse, and specific phobias are common individual disorders.
- Specific phobias (fear of small animals, insects, flying, heights) are very common.
- Social phobias (fear of public speaking) are also common.
- Prevalence data offered in tables highlight specific disorders and their prevalence.
- Mental health is affected by age, gender, and ethnicity.
Mental Health Professionals
- Inpatient treatment is done by a team of professionals (psychiatrist, clinical psychologist, clinician social worker, psychiatric nurse).
- Intense treatment leads to faster recovery.
- Outpatient treatment often involves a smaller team. (Psychiatrist, psychologist, and other specialized counselors could be involved.)
National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)
- This survey provides data on mental illness.
- 1-year prevalence of serious mental illness in US adults is reported as 4%.
- Comorbidity (the presence of two or more disorders) is more common in serious cases than in milder ones.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your understanding of mental health classification systems according to the DSM-5. This quiz covers key characteristics of mental disorders, potential disadvantages of classification, and terminology used in psychological assessments. Challenge your knowledge and gain insights into the complexities of mental health diagnostics.
