Podcast
Questions and Answers
What defines a psychological disorder?
What defines a psychological disorder?
What does DSM-5 stand for?
What does DSM-5 stand for?
Which of the following is a consequence of a psychological disorder?
Which of the following is a consequence of a psychological disorder?
Which of the following describes the purpose of the DSM-5?
Which of the following describes the purpose of the DSM-5?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common characteristic of mental disorders as defined in the content?
What is a common characteristic of mental disorders as defined in the content?
Signup and view all the answers
Which disorder is characterized by deficits in social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviors?
Which disorder is characterized by deficits in social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviors?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common feature of Substance Use Disorder?
What is a common feature of Substance Use Disorder?
Signup and view all the answers
Which disorder involves excessive worry or distress disproportionate to physical symptoms?
Which disorder involves excessive worry or distress disproportionate to physical symptoms?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of disorder is kleptomania classified as?
What type of disorder is kleptomania classified as?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of disorder involves problems with self-control of emotions and behaviors?
Which type of disorder involves problems with self-control of emotions and behaviors?
Signup and view all the answers
What is anxiety primarily characterized by?
What is anxiety primarily characterized by?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes anxiety disorders?
Which of the following best describes anxiety disorders?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a hallmark of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?
What is a hallmark of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is NOT a feature of anxiety as described in the content?
What is NOT a feature of anxiety as described in the content?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements is true about GAD?
Which of the following statements is true about GAD?
Signup and view all the answers
How do anxiety disorders impact an individual?
How do anxiety disorders impact an individual?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
What is a key symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following describes a common behavior associated with PTSD?
Which of the following describes a common behavior associated with PTSD?
Signup and view all the answers
What effect does PTSD have on a person's emotional state?
What effect does PTSD have on a person's emotional state?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following symptoms indicates a heightened physical state in someone with PTSD?
Which of the following symptoms indicates a heightened physical state in someone with PTSD?
Signup and view all the answers
Which event would most likely trigger PTSD?
Which event would most likely trigger PTSD?
Signup and view all the answers
What is defined as a sudden episode of extreme anxiety that rapidly escalates in intensity?
What is defined as a sudden episode of extreme anxiety that rapidly escalates in intensity?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes Panic Disorder?
What characterizes Panic Disorder?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is an anxiety disorder that involves fear of being in public situations?
Which of the following is an anxiety disorder that involves fear of being in public situations?
Signup and view all the answers
Which option does NOT describe a panic attack?
Which option does NOT describe a panic attack?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common symptom experienced during a panic attack?
What is a common symptom experienced during a panic attack?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition involves the fear of experiencing symptoms in a situation where help is unavailable?
Which condition involves the fear of experiencing symptoms in a situation where help is unavailable?
Signup and view all the answers
What differentiates Panic Disorder from a single panic attack?
What differentiates Panic Disorder from a single panic attack?
Signup and view all the answers
Experiencing extreme fear when in public situations is primarily a symptom of which disorder?
Experiencing extreme fear when in public situations is primarily a symptom of which disorder?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a phobia?
What is a phobia?
Signup and view all the answers
How do cultural practices influence the experience of certain psychological disorders?
How do cultural practices influence the experience of certain psychological disorders?
Signup and view all the answers
What physiological response might be increased as a result of specific cultural situations?
What physiological response might be increased as a result of specific cultural situations?
Signup and view all the answers
In which cultural context is a specific disorder related to emotional responses associated with funerals noted?
In which cultural context is a specific disorder related to emotional responses associated with funerals noted?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following would NOT typically define a phobia?
Which of the following would NOT typically define a phobia?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes a common feature of phobias?
Which of the following best describes a common feature of phobias?
Signup and view all the answers
What aspect of culture might affect the symptoms of psychological disorders?
What aspect of culture might affect the symptoms of psychological disorders?
Signup and view all the answers
What is typically NOT a characteristic of phobias?
What is typically NOT a characteristic of phobias?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common response individuals with phobias might experience?
What is a common response individuals with phobias might experience?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a specific phobia?
What is a specific phobia?
Signup and view all the answers
Which disorder involves an extreme fear of being judged in social situations?
Which disorder involves an extreme fear of being judged in social situations?
Signup and view all the answers
In the context of specific phobia, what does 'actively avoided' imply?
In the context of specific phobia, what does 'actively avoided' imply?
Signup and view all the answers
What emotional response is commonly associated with specific phobia?
What emotional response is commonly associated with specific phobia?
Signup and view all the answers
How does social anxiety disorder typically affect a person's life?
How does social anxiety disorder typically affect a person's life?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common way people with specific phobia respond to their fear?
What is a common way people with specific phobia respond to their fear?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a symptom of social anxiety disorder?
Which of the following is a symptom of social anxiety disorder?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of image description suggests a phobic reaction?
What type of image description suggests a phobic reaction?
Signup and view all the answers
Which characteristic is least likely to be associated with specific phobias?
Which characteristic is least likely to be associated with specific phobias?
Signup and view all the answers
What often complicates the lives of individuals with social anxiety disorder?
What often complicates the lives of individuals with social anxiety disorder?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Psychological Disorders Definition
- A pattern of behavior and psychological symptoms causing significant personal distress and impacting daily functioning.
DSM-5
- The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition published by the American Psychiatric Association.
- Provides detailed descriptions and diagnostic criteria for various psychological disorders.
Diagnostic Categories in DSM-5
-
Neurodevelopmental Disorders:
- Include developmental, behavioral, learning, and communication disorders diagnosed during infancy, childhood, or adolescence.
- Symptom severity varies based on age and developmental stage.
- Examples:
- Autism Spectrum Disorder: Characterized by social communication difficulties, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors.
- Tourette's Disorder: Onset before age 18, marked by involuntary movements (motor tics) and vocalizations (vocal tics).
-
Substance-related and addictive disorders:
- Defined by a pattern of substance use or behavior causing significant problems despite negative consequences.
- Examples:
- Substance Use Disorder: Recurrent substance use leading to loss of control, impaired functioning, cravings, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms.
- Gambling Disorder: Persistent gambling despite negative impacts on personal, familial, and professional life.
-
Somatic symptom and related disorders:
- Characterized by persistent physical complaints accompanied by excessive worry and abnormal reactions to these symptoms.
- Examples:
- Somatic Symptom Disorder: Excessive worry and distress disproportionate to the severity of physical symptoms.
- Illness Anxiety Disorder: Preoccupation with health and fears of illness despite the absence of serious physical symptoms.
-
Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders:
- Diverse group of disorders involving problems in self-control and behaviors that harm others or violate their rights.
- Examples:
- Kleptomania: Irresistible urge to steal items that aren't needed for personal use, driven by a desire for pleasure, relief of tension, or excitement.
- Pyromania: Deliberately setting fires for gratification, pleasure, or relief of tension.
Anxiety and Anxiety Disorders
- Anxiety: An unpleasant emotional state involving physical arousal, feelings of tension, apprehension, and worry.
- Anxiety Disorders: A category of psychological disorders where extreme anxiety is the primary feature causing significant disruptions in cognition, behavior, and interpersonal functioning.
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): Exhibits excessive, persistent, and global anxiety, also known as free-floating anxiety.
Panic Attack
- A sudden episode of intense and rapidly escalating anxiety.
Panic Disorder
- Characterized by frequent and unexpected panic attacks.
Agoraphobia
- Anxiety disorder involving an extreme fear of experiencing incapacitating symptoms in public situations where escape is impossible and help is unavailable.
Phobia
- A persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity.
Cultural Context
- Spanish cultures show a unique disorder linked to emotional responses associated with funerals, nervousness, and cultural practices.
Physiological Response
- The text suggests a possible increase in physiological response triggered by specific situations in certain cultures.
Specific Phobia
- Involves an excessive, intense, and irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity, leading to avoidance or enduring the feared object with marked anxiety.
Social Anxiety Disorder
- An anxiety disorder marked by an extreme and irrational fear of social situations due to anxieties related to embarrassment, judgment, or scrutiny by others.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
- Triggered by a traumatic event, resulting in:
- Intrusive memories of the event
- Avoidance of event-related stimuli and situations
- Negative changes in thoughts, moods, and emotions
- Heightened physical arousal.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
- Characterized by intrusive, repetitive, and unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) that individuals feel compelled to perform.
Obsessions
- Repeated, intrusive, and uncontrollable irrational thoughts or mental images causing extreme anxiety and distress.
Compulsions
- Repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to prevent or reduce anxiety, distress, or a dreaded event or situation.
Common Obsessions and Compulsions
-
Obsessions
- Contamination: Irrational fear of contamination by dirt, germs, or toxic substances, often accompanied by excessive cleaning or washing.
- Pathological Doubt: Feeling of uncertainty about completing simple tasks, recurring fear of unintentionally harming someone or violating a law. Often associated with checking compulsions.
- Violent or Sexual Thoughts: Fear of harming another person or engaging in unacceptable behaviors, manifested by intrusive thoughts and impulses.
-
Compulsions
- Washing: Irresistible urge to wash oneself or clean surroundings.
- Checking: Repeatedly checking to ensure completion of tasks, often linked to pathological doubt.
- Counting: Need to engage in specific behaviors or count to a certain number before performing an action.
- Symmetry and Precision: Obsession with perfect symmetry or exact ordering of objects and actions.
Disorders Involving Intense Anxiety
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Persistent, chronic and unreasonable worry and anxiety.
- Panic Disorder: Frequent and unexpected panic attacks without specific triggers.
- Phobias: Intense anxiety or panic attacks triggered by specific objects or situations, leading to persistent avoidance of feared objects or situations.
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Anxiety triggered by intrusive memories of traumatic experiences, leading to recurrent thoughts and avoidance behavior.
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): Anxiety caused by uncontrollable, repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and urges to perform specific actions (compulsions).
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz covers definitions and diagnostic categories of psychological disorders as per the DSM-5. It discusses neurodevelopmental disorders and provides examples like Autism Spectrum Disorder and Tourette's Disorder. Test your knowledge on symptoms and diagnostic criteria to better understand these conditions.
