DSM-5 Overview and Axis Models
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DSM-5 Overview and Axis Models

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Questions and Answers

Which axis of the DSM classification includes episodic disorders?

  • Axis IV
  • Axis II
  • Axis I (correct)
  • Axis III

    • The DSM-5 was published in May 2013 as a minor revision.

    False

    Who led the development of the DSM-5?

    David Kupfer and Darrel Regier

    Axis IV of the DSM classification lists psychosocial and environmental __________.

    <p>problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was NOT considered by the DSM-5 authors?

    <p>Removing all personality disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the axes of DSM classification with their descriptions:

    <p>Axis I = Episodic disorders Axis II = Stable, long-lasting disorders Axis III = Relevant medical conditions Axis IV = Psychosocial and environmental problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The DSM-5 authors decided to eliminate personality disorders from the manual.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long did the development process of DSM-5 take?

    <p>12 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the diathesis-stress model?

    <p>A model that emphasizes the interaction between predisposition and stress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A person's diathesis has no impact on their life choices.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three qualities that an assessment technique should possess according to clinical psychologists?

    <p>Validity, reliability, and clinical utility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The diathesis-stress model suggests that stress is inherently _____ in nature.

    <p>subjective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one important value of classification systems in psychology?

    <p>To establish clear categories for better understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following psychological assessment qualities with their descriptions:

    <p>Validity = Measures what it claims to measure Reliability = Produces consistent results Clinical utility = Practical application in clinical settings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diagnostic classifications like DSM 5 are infallible.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is feedback important in psychological assessment?

    <p>It provides clients with results of tests or interviews.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of validity measures whether an assessment tool yields similar results when administered multiple times?

    <p>Test-retest reliability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most clinical psychologists conduct assessments without any form of clinical interview.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List two types of validity discussed in psychological assessments.

    <p>Content validity and discriminant validity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ability of an interviewer to understand how they affect others interpersonally is known as __________.

    <p>self-awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of reliability with their descriptions:

    <p>Test-retest reliability = Yields consistent results over time Interrater reliability = Yields similar results across different administrators Internal reliability = Consists of items that correlate with one another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which skill should an interviewer prioritize to develop positive working relationships?

    <p>Attentive listening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Convergent validity refers to the ability of an assessment to not correlate with unrelated techniques.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is clinical utility in the context of assessments?

    <p>Improves delivery of services or client outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a primary task of the interviewer?

    <p>Listening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inconsistent eye contact is generally viewed as a sign of attentiveness.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name two elements of body language that interviewers should be aware of.

    <p>Facing the client and minimizing restlessness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Skilled interviewers use _______ qualities to enhance communication with clients.

    <p>vocal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended behavior for interviewers?

    <p>Speaking in a monotone voice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the interviewing behavior with its description:

    <p>Eye Contact = Communicates attentiveness and requires cultural sensitivity Body Language = Involves positioning and facial expressions Vocal Qualities = Includes pitch, tone, and volume Verbal Tracking = Repeating key phrases to confirm understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Referring to the client by the proper name is an insignificant part of the interview process.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What skill does verbal tracking involve during client interviews?

    <p>Monitoring and repeating key words or phrases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of confrontation in an interview?

    <p>To highlight discrepancies in client's comments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Paraphrasing involves breaking new ground in the conversation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of response aims to recognize and label a client's emotions?

    <p>Reflection of feeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In __________, the interviewer restates the client's comments to show they are being heard.

    <p>paraphrasing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the interviewing technique with its purpose:

    <p>Confrontation = Highlight contradictions in statements Paraphrasing = Restate what clients have said Reflection of Feeling = Acknowledge underlying emotions Summarizing = Connect recurring themes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a response that reflects a client's feelings?

    <p>It sounds like you feel embarrassed about bingeing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Summarizing is more detailed than paraphrasing.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does summarizing help clients understand about their discussion?

    <p>It helps identify their themes and shows they have been understood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    DSM Structure and Axis Classification

    • Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale measures overall functioning on a 100-point continuum.
    • Axis I includes episodic disorders, while Axis II encompasses stable, long-lasting disorders.
    • Axis III lists relevant medical conditions affecting mental health.
    • Axis IV outlines psychosocial and environmental problems impacting the individual.

    DSM-5 Overview

    • Published in May 2013, marking the first substantial revision in about 20 years.
    • Developed by David Kupfer and Darrel Regier, with input from hundreds of experts over a 12-year period.
    • Focuses on revising definitions of disorders, including potential additions, eliminations, combinations, and splits.
    • Aims to align with the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD).

    Revision Considerations in DSM-5

    • Contemplated a shift towards neuropsychology to prioritize biological roots of mental disorders, although no definitive biological markers exist.
    • Explored a dimensional approach for personality disorders, considering it too complex and not clinically useful.
    • Five personality disorders (paranoid, schizoid, histrionic, dependent, narcissistic) were reviewed for removal but ultimately retained.

    Diathesis-Stress Model

    • Diathesis refers to a predisposition that can affect stress perception, as stress is subjective.
    • An individual’s diathesis influences life choices and experiences, guiding personal preferences and decisions.

    Importance of Classification

    • Classification systems organize human experience, preventing chaos in understanding psychological events.
    • Establishes categories based on similarities and differences to aid in generalization and prediction.
    • Diagnostic systems like DSM-5 have communication value, treatment implications, and contribute to psychopathology research despite potential flaws.

    Clinical Interview Essentials

    • Validity measures if the assessment accurately reflects what it claims to measure.
    • Reliability ensures consistent results across various administrations.
    • Clinical utility assesses effectiveness in improving client outcomes.

    Interviewer Qualities and Skills

    • Interviewers should minimize their internal dialogue and focus on the client during sessions.
    • Self-awareness regarding interpersonal influence is essential for effective communication.
    • Positive relationships with clients are built through attentive listening, empathy, respect, and cultural sensitivity.

    Specific Interviewing Techniques

    • Eye Contact: Maintains engagement and requires cultural sensitivity regarding its interpretation.
    • Body Language: Should convey attentiveness; misinterpretations can arise from cultural differences.
    • Vocal Qualities: Effective use of pitch, tone, and volume communicates understanding and emotional engagement.
    • Verbal Tracking: Involves repeating key phrases to ensure comprehension and smooth transitions between topics.
    • Client's Name: Using the client's name accurately fosters connection and personal respect.

    Confrontation and Reflection Techniques

    • Confrontation: Addresses discrepancies in client statements to clarify inconsistencies.
    • Paraphrasing: Restates clients' words to confirm understanding and maintain dialogue flow.
    • Reflection of Feelings: Infers underlying emotions to acknowledge the client’s emotional state.

    Summarizing in Interviews

    • Summarizing: Integrates various topics discussed, identifying themes and ensuring the client feels comprehensively understood.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the DSM-5 classification system, focusing on the five axes used for assessing mental health. Learn about the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale and how different axes categorize mental disorders and relevant medical conditions. Test your knowledge on the current edition of DSM-5 and its components.

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