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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of Opa proteins concerning gonococci?
What characteristic change occurs to D.Rmp when it is in a reduced state?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the role of Opa proteins?
What type of protein is D.Rmp classified as?
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What is a consequence of the adhesion properties of Opa proteins in gonococci?
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What is the primary role of incorporating human sialic acid derivatives into meningococcal capsules?
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What mechanism is described by the incorporation of NANA into meningococcal capsules?
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Which of the following best describes sialic acid derivatives like NANA in the context of meningococcal bacteria?
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Which part of the meningococcal structure is most directly affected by the incorporation of NANA?
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How does molecular mimicry contribute to the virulence of meningococcal bacteria?
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What is one of the primary complications associated with fulminant meningococcemia?
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Which symptom is most characteristic of fulminant meningococcemia?
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What key process occurs in the meninges during meningitis?
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What severe outcome can arise from disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with fulminant meningococcemia?
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What should be done if immediate incubation of a specimen is not possible?
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Which type of white blood cell is primarily involved in the exudation during meningitis?
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What type of test can provide presumptive identification of organisms after 48 hours of culture?
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What is typically assessed to identify organisms on a Gram-stained smear?
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After 48 hours, which of these findings does NOT indicate presumptive identification of an organism?
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In the context of specimen preservation, why is a CO2-containing transport-culture system preferred?
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What does spinal fluid and blood typically yield in laboratory cultures?
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Which method is NOT mentioned for identifying cultures derived from spinal fluid and blood?
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What role do carbohydrate oxidative reactions play in identifying pure cultures?
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What type of serum is used for agglutination in the identification of cultures?
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What additional procedure follows carbohydrate oxidative reactions in the identification of cultures?
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Study Notes
Opa Proteins
- Adhesion of gonococci within colonies and in attachment of gonococci to host cell receptors.
- Involved in gonococcal pathogenesis.
Rmp (Protein III)
- Reduction-modifiable protein (Rmp).
- Changes apparent molecular weight when in a reduced state.
Specimen Collection and Culture
- If immediate incubation is not possible, the specimen should be placed in a CO2-containing transport-culture system.
- Presumptive identification can be achieved 48 hours after culture by Gram-stained smear and a positive oxidase test.
Meningococcal Capsule
- Incorporation of human sialic acid derivatives (NANA) allows for molecular mimicry, evading host immune system detection.
Fulminant Meningococcemia
- Characterized by high fever, hemorrhagic rash, disseminated intravascular coagulation, circulatory collapse, bilateral hemorrhagic necrosis of adrenal glands, and subsequent adrenal failure (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome).
Meningitis
- Acute inflammation of the meninges.
- Thrombosis of blood vessels and exudation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
- Thick purulent exudate covers the surface of the brain.
- Spinal fluid and blood typically yield pure cultures identified by carbohydrate oxidative reactions and agglutination with type-specific or polyvalent serum.
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Description
This quiz covers key aspects of meningococcal infections, focusing on proteins involved in adhesion and immune evasion, specimen collection techniques, and the clinical manifestations of fulminant meningococcemia. Understanding these topics is crucial for recognizing and managing meningococcal diseases effectively.