34 Questions
Which of the following is not one of the four general assumptions of Mendel's work?
Variation is not inherited by genetic laws
What is the basic unit of heredity?
Gene
Which process transmits traits from one generation to the next?
Heredity
What example is given for a trait caused by a single change in a single gene?
Sickle-cell anemia
What is the title of Chapter 01 in the book?
Genetic Analysis According to Mendel
What is the process by which genes transmit traits from one generation to the next?
Heredity
What type of variations are essential for following genes from one generation to another?
Observable variation
What type of traits are caused by complex interactions between many genes?
Polygenic traits
Which term refers to the process by which genes transmit traits from one generation to the next?
Heredity
What could be considered as a result of continuously evolving diversity according to Mendel?
Variation
What provides for continuously evolving diversity according to Mendel?
Observable variation
What was the cornerstone of modern genetics, according to the text?
Mendel's paper 'Experiments in plant hybrids'
What did Mendel's experimental organism, the garden pea, contribute to his successful experiments?
All of the above
What did Mendel's study of seven pairs of traits in peas reveal?
The law of segregation
What did Mendel propose about the traits and units of inheritance?
All of the above
What describes Mendel’s law of segregation?
The two alleles for each trait separate during gamete formation
What is the purpose of the Punnett square in genetics?
To visualize the segregation and random union of alleles
According to Mendel, what happens during gamete formation?
Two gametes, one from each parent, unite at random at fertilization
What reflects the basic rules of probability in Mendel's results?
Product rule: probability of two independent events occurring together is the product of their individual probabilities
What is the most common molecular explanation for dominant and recessive alleles?
The trait that appears in progeny is the dominant form
What did Mendel cross to obtain F1 progeny with only one parental trait?
Pollen from yellow peas fertilized eggs from green peas (shown)
What did Mendel include within his controlled breeding program of pea plants?
Reciprocal crosses
What were two misleading theories of inheritance at the time of Mendel’s studies?
The homunculus theory and blended inheritance theory
What is the phenotype of an individual with genotype yy?
Green
In the F2 progeny, what is the ratio of individuals with genotype YY to individuals with genotype Yy from the cross Yy × Yy?
2:1
In a testcross of an individual with unknown genotype to a homozygous recessive individual, what would reveal that the unknown individual is heterozygous?
Some offspring have the dominant phenotype and some have the recessive phenotype
What did Mendel's dihybrid crosses aim to investigate?
The simultaneous inheritance of multiple genes
In Mendel's dihybrid crosses, what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 progeny?
9:3:3:1
What was the outcome of Mendel's dihybrid crosses regarding parental types and recombinant types?
Both parental and recombinant types were observed
According to Mendel's law of independent assortment, how do different pairs of alleles segregate during gamete formation?
They segregate independently of each other
What is the purpose of a testcross on dihybrids?
To determine the genotype of an individual with unknown phenotype
What did Mendel's dihybrid crosses reveal about gamete formation?
Different pairs of alleles segregate independently during gamete formation
What ratio does a F1 dihybrid produce in terms of possible gametes?
1:4 Y R, 1/4 Y r, 1/4 y R, 1/4 y r
What did Mendel's dihybrid crosses aim to investigate?
The simultaneous inheritance of multiple genes
Test your knowledge of Chapter 01 'Mendel’s Principles of Heredity' from the book 'Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, EIGHTH EDITION' by Goldberg and Fischer. Explore concepts such as inheritance, genetic analysis according to Mendel, and Mendelian inheritance in humans.
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