Medieval Period Overview and Government Forms

<p>Pass a rigorous examination and demonstrate their skills to the guild members. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To convey moral and ethical lessons to its audience. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was the land set aside for the lord's personal use and income. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absence of three-dimensionality and lack of detail. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The dominance of the Church and its teachings. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To remove injustices and corruption within the church and government. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kings challenging the authority of Popes due to their wealth and power. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>She was the first queen to rule England in her own right, not through marriage. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Her strict enforcement of Catholic laws and persecution of Protestants. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stained Glass (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To establish the monarchy as the supreme authority over the Church of England. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mary I (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rounded Arches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allowed her to maintain peace with her enemies and expand English territory. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To create a single, standardized set of religious practices within the Church of England. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ruler's power may be limited by a constitution. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The plague resulted in the destruction of farmland, leading to a food shortage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The extent of power held by the monarch. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide military service and loyalty to the king in exchange for land. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both were primarily spread through direct contact with infected individuals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The plague resulted in a decline in population and a shortage of skilled workers, slowing economic progress. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He was the first to identify the bacteria responsible for the plague. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peasants/Serfs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Catherine could not give birth to a son. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ongoing debate between idealism and empiricism. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It solidified his claim to the throne through his marriage to a York. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anne Boleyn (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Caravaggio (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He was a devout Protestant and sought to implement his religious reforms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He was rebellious and sought to challenge societal norms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A strong emphasis on realistic details (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To expose the Church's practices of Simony and Indulgences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The development of a new Protestant denomination. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helped Luther to publish and distribute his &quot;95 Theses&quot; widely. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reform the Catholic Church and strengthen its doctrines. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The practice of indulgences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Protestant Reformation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Salvation is a gift from God that cannot be earned. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It reasserted the authority of the Pope and the Catholic Church. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To put pressure on Luther to retract his statements from the &quot;95 Theses.&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An era marked by political disruption, centralization, and the dominance of Christianity in Europe.

Extreme scarcity of food leading to widespread hunger and suffering.

An infectious disease caused by Yersinia pestis, characterized by boils and rapid death.

Fever, chills, swollen lymph nodes, diarrhea, and vomiting were common signs of infection.

A system of government where the ruler has total power without constitutional limits.

A form of government where a ruler's power is limited by a constitution or laws.

A social structure based on land ownership and a hierarchy of power among lords, knights, and peasants.

A hierarchical structure where kings, nobles, knights, and serfs have defined roles and responsibilities.

Beowulf's quest to aid King Hrothgar in Denmark, embodying heroism, bravery, and loyalty.

Stories told by pilgrims traveling to Canterbury, authored by Geoffrey Chaucer, reflecting medieval society.

An epic poem by Dante Alighieri depicting his journey through the realms of the Dead, exploring morality and spirituality.

Architecture characterized by massive sizes, thick walls, and stained glass, designed for protection and grandeur.

Features pointed arches, flying buttresses for stability, and intricate ornamentations, allowing for grand designs.

A cultural 'rebirth' beginning in Italy, marked by advancements in arts, philosophy, and the emergence of Humanism.

A Renaissance movement emphasizing human emotion, individual experience, and self-reflection, pioneered by Francesco Petrarch.

Considered the 'Father of Humanism' for emphasizing emotion and individual experience, influencing the Renaissance.

An economic system where manors are self-sufficient and controlled by lords, fostering peasant-lord relationships.

Land reserved for the lord's personal use within the manor.

Groups specializing in crafts or trade, vital for the economy and society.

The first phase of training in a guild, lasting about 7 years under a master.

A trained worker in a guild who can sell goods and must gain approval to become a master.

Art style characterized by brightness, realism, and life-like depictions, evolving from earlier art forms.

The medieval knight's code emphasizing bravery, honor, and loyalty.

An epic poem from the 8th to 11th century, written in Old English, showcasing heroic themes.

Youngest king of England (1547-1553), turned England Protestant.

First queen regnant of England, known as Bloody Mary for harsh policies.

Nickname for Mary I due to her persecution of Protestants, burning 300.

Impeaching of a government member, used by Mary I against enemies.

Queen of England (1558-1603), known for stability and peace.

Movement to change corrupt church practices, sparked by Renaissance.

Buying and selling ecclesiastical positions in the Church.

Payment to the Church for forgiveness of sins, reducing punishment.

Master painter/architect during the High Renaissance known for his skill.

A fresco by Raphael depicting philosophers Plato and Aristotle in discussion.

Points upward, representing belief in ideal, abstract truths.

Gestures downward, focusing on observable, physical reality.

Artist known for his temper and artworks with negative messages.

Founder of the Tudor family, known for winning the Battle of Bosworth.

Had six wives; crucial to his reign and English history.

Movement encouraged by Henry VIII to establish Protestantism in England.

The father of the Protestant Reformation who challenged the Catholic Church.

A list of criticisms against the Catholic Church, penned by Martin Luther.

An invention by Johannes Gutenberg that helped spread Luther's ideas.

The belief that individuals can interpret the Bible and have personal faith.

A key assembly during the Counter-Reformation to solidify Church doctrines.

An order founded by Ignatius Loyola focused on education and spreading Catholicism.

A Church court established to deal with heresy and enforce Catholic doctrine.

The pope who threatened excommunication to Luther for his writings.

The protector of Martin Luther who sheltered him from authorities.