Medical Terminology: Prefixes Explained
42 Questions
5 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What does the root word 'Hemat/o' refer to?

  • Heart
  • Blood (correct)
  • Liver
  • Brain

    • The suffix '-ectomy' indicates a surgical removal.

    True

    What is the meaning of 'Gastr/o'?

    Stomach

    The term 'Cystitis' refers to inflammation of the ______.

    <p>bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the prefix 'brady-' indicate?

    <p>Slow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following suffixes with their meanings:

    <p>-itis = Inflammation -oma = Tumour, mass -megaly = Enlargement -pathy = Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Neurology' study?

    <p>The nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The prefix 'hypo-' refers to an excessive amount or high level.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The prefix 'Poly-' indicates 'few'.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'dysphagia' mean?

    <p>Difficulty swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of 'Osteoarthritis'?

    <p>Degeneration of bone and joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The medical term for excessive urination is called _____

    <p>polyuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The term 'Haemorrhage' refers to excessive ______.

    <p>bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following prefixes with their meanings:

    <p>A-/An- = Without, lack of, not Inter- = Between Epi- = Upon, over, above Anti- = Against</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following indicates 'difficulty swallowing'?

    <p>Dysphagia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms means a visual examination inside the body?

    <p>Endoscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The prefix 'trans-' indicates a movement toward the midline.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of 'hemiplegia'?

    <p>Paralysis of one side of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A condition referred to as _____ means high blood pressure.

    <p>hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the prefix 'peri-' signify?

    <p>Around</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Postoperative = After surgery Prenatal = Before birth Intervertebral = Between the vertebrae Intravenous = Within a vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What movement involves moving a part backwards?

    <p>Retraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does elevation of a part refer to?

    <p>Raising it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the forward movement of a part?

    <p>Protraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of depression in terms of body movement?

    <p>Lowering a part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following movements corresponds with moving a part backwards or raising it?

    <p>Retraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes lying face down?

    <p>Prone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement involves turning the sole of the foot inward?

    <p>Inversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What movement is described as moving a body part away from the midline?

    <p>Abduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to raising a part of the body?

    <p>Elevation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for excessive extension at a joint beyond the anatomical position?

    <p>Hyperextension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement describes turning on a single axis?

    <p>Rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to the movement of bringing the foot towards the shin?

    <p>Dorsiflexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the movement of a body part forward?

    <p>Protraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'superior' refer to in anatomical terminology?

    <p>Closer to the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In anatomical terms, what does 'medial' signify?

    <p>Closer to the midline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term would describe a structure that is further from the root of the limb?

    <p>Distal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'posterior' mean in anatomical terminology?

    <p>More in back than another structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In anatomical position, the standard reference involves which of the following?

    <p>Standing erect, with palms and feet facing forward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms refers to a structure being closer to the feet?

    <p>Inferior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'lateral' mean in anatomical terminology?

    <p>Further away from the midline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What reference does 'proximal' indicate regarding structures of the limbs?

    <p>Closer to the root of the limb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Medical Terminology Components

    • Medical terms are made up of prefixes, root words, and suffixes.
    • These components reveal the term's meaning, aiding healthcare professionals.

    Prefixes

    • Prefixes modify or enhance root words' meaning.
    • They indicate location, number, time, size, or condition.
    Prefix Meaning Example Meaning of Example
    A-/An- Without, lack of, not Aseptic Without infection
    Ab- Away from Abduction Movement away from the midline
    Ad- Toward, near Adduction Movement toward the midline
    Anti- Against Antibacterial Against bacteria
    Brady- Slow Bradycardia Slow heart rate
    Dys- Difficult, painful, abnormal Dysphagia Difficulty swallowing
    Endo- Inside, within Endoscopy A visual examination inside the body
    Epi- Upon, over, above Epidermis The outer layer of the skin
    Hemi- Half Hemiplegia Paralysis of one side of the body
    Hyper- Above normal, excessive Hypertension High blood pressure
    Hypo- Below normal, deficient Hypoglycemia Low blood sugar
    Inter- Between Intervertebral Between the vertebrae
    Intra- Inside, within Intravenous Within a vein
    Peri- Around Pericardium The membrane surrounding the heart
    Poly- Many, much Polyuria Excessive urination
    Post- After, behind Postoperative After surgery
    Pre- Before Prenatal Before birth
    Tachy- Fast Tachypnea Fast breathing
    Trans- Across, through Transdermal Through the skin

    Root Words

    • Root words are the core meaning of a medical term.
    • They often relate to body parts, tissues, or systems.
    • They can be used alone or with prefixes and suffixes.
    Root Word Meaning Example Meaning of Example
    Cardi/o Heart Cardiomyopathy Disease of the heart muscle
    Cerebr/o Brain Cerebrospinal About the brain and spinal cord
    Dermat/o Skin Dermatology Study of the skin
    Gastr/o Stomach Gastrectomy Surgical removal of the stomach
    Hemat/o Blood Hematology Study of blood
    Hepat/o Liver Hepatomegaly Enlargement of the liver
    My/o Muscle Myopathy Disease of the muscle
    Neur/o Nerve Neurology Study of the nervous system
    Oste/o Bone Osteoarthritis Degeneration of bone and joint
    Pulmon/o Lungs Pulmonology Study of the lungs
    Ren/o Kidney Renal About the kidney
    Thorac/o Chest Thoracotomy Surgical incision into the chest
    Vascul/o Blood vessel Vasculitis Inflammation of the blood vessels
    Cyst/o Bladder, sac Cystitis Inflammation of the bladder
    Arthr/o Joint Arthritis Inflammation of the joint
    Onc/o Tumor/cancer Oncology Study of tumors
    Gyn/o Woman/female Gynecology Study of female reproductive organs
    Enter/o Intestine Enteritis Inflammation of the intestines
    Ot/o Ear Otoscope Instrument to examine the ear

    Suffixes

    • Suffixes are added to root words to modify their meaning.
    • They often indicate a procedure, condition, disease, or part of speech.
    Suffix Meaning Example Meaning of Example
    -algia Pain Neuralgia Nerve pain
    -cyte Cell Leukocyte White blood cell
    -ectomy Surgical removal Appendectomy Surgical removal of the appendix
    -emia Blood condition Anemia Lack of red blood cells
    -genic Producing, originating Carcinogenic Causing cancer
    -itis Inflammation Tonsillitis Inflammation of the tonsils
    -logy Study of Neurology Study of the nervous system
    -lysis Breakdown, destruction Hemolysis Breakdown of red blood cells
    -megaly Enlargement Cardiomegaly Enlargement of the heart
    -oma Tumor, mass Melanoma Skin cancer (tumor)
    -osis Abnormal condition Osteoporosis Condition of bone weakening
    -pathy Disease Neuropathy Disease of the nerves
    -penia Deficiency Leukopenia Deficiency of white blood cells
    -phagia Eating, swallowing Dysphagia Difficulty swallowing
    -plasty Surgical repair Rhinoplasty Surgical repair of the nose
    -rrhage Excessive flow, bursting forth Hemorrhage Excessive bleeding
    -rrhea Discharge, flow Diarrhea Excessive flow of the bowels
    -scopy Visual examination Endoscopy Visual examination of the inside of the body
    -stomy Creating an opening Colostomy Creating an opening in the colon
    -therapy Treatment Chemotherapy Treatment with chemicals
    -tomy Cutting, incision Laparotomy Surgical incision into the abdomen

    Combining Components

    • Medical terms often combine prefixes, root words, and suffixes.
    • Understanding each component helps decipher the meaning.

    Example Medical Terms

    • Cardiomyopathy: Disease of the heart muscle (cardi/o - heart, my/o - muscle, -pathy - disease)
    • Gastroenteritis: Inflammation of the stomach and intestines (gastr/o - stomach, enter/o - intestines, -itis - inflammation)
    • Polyneuropathy: Disease affecting many nerves (poly - many, neur/o - nerve, -pathy - disease)
    • Hypertension: High blood pressure (hyper- above normal, tens/o- pressure, -ion – condition).

    Exercises

    • Detailed breakdown of the example terms is provided in the original text.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Medical Terminology PDF

    Description

    This quiz focuses on the prefixes used in medical terminology. Understanding these prefixes is essential for healthcare professionals as they modify root words and provide crucial context about medical conditions. Test your knowledge about their meanings and examples through this informative quiz.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser