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Questions and Answers
Match the following suffixes with their meanings:
Match the following suffixes with their meanings:
-phagia = swallowing -lithiasis = presence of stones -pepsia = digestion -emesis = vomiting
What is the medical term for the anus?
What is the medical term for the anus?
an/o
What does 'chol/e' refer to?
What does 'chol/e' refer to?
bile, gall
What is the definition of 'proct/o'?
What is the definition of 'proct/o'?
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What does the term 'gastrectomy' mean?
What does the term 'gastrectomy' mean?
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The ______ is the last and longest portion of the small intestine.
The ______ is the last and longest portion of the small intestine.
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The medical term meaning difficulty in swallowing is ____.
The medical term meaning difficulty in swallowing is ____.
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What is the medical term for vomiting blood?
What is the medical term for vomiting blood?
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What is colonoscopy abbreviated as?
What is colonoscopy abbreviated as?
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Anoscopy is the visual examination of the anal canal and lower rectum.
Anoscopy is the visual examination of the anal canal and lower rectum.
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Cirrhosis is the inflammation of the small intestine.
Cirrhosis is the inflammation of the small intestine.
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What does 'gerd' stand for?
What does 'gerd' stand for?
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What is the diagnosis for inflammation of one or more diverticula?
What is the diagnosis for inflammation of one or more diverticula?
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A/An ____ is an artificial excretory opening created between the colon and body surface.
A/An ____ is an artificial excretory opening created between the colon and body surface.
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What is the medical term for heartburn?
What is the medical term for heartburn?
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The surgical fixation of the stomach to correct displacement is known as ____.
The surgical fixation of the stomach to correct displacement is known as ____.
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Study Notes
Digestive System Terminology
- an/o: Refers to the anus, an external opening of the digestive tract.
- chol/e: Indicates bile or gall, which aids in digestion and absorption of fats.
- col/o: Denotes the large intestine, a critical component of the digestive system responsible for water absorption and feces formation.
- -phagia: A suffix meaning swallowing, involved in the digestive process.
- enter/o: Refers to the small intestine, where most digestion and nutrient absorption occur.
- gastr/o: Pertains to the stomach, the organ where food is mixed with gastric juices.
- hepat/o: Indicates the liver, vital for metabolism and detoxification.
- cholecyst/o: Refers to the gallbladder, which stores and concentrates bile.
- esophag/o: Relates to the esophagus, the tube that connects the throat to the stomach.
- -lithiasis: Refers to the presence of stones, typically in the gallbladder or kidneys.
- sigmoid/o: Relates to the sigmoid colon, the S-shaped final section of the large intestine.
- proct/o: Refers to the anus and rectum, final components of the digestive tract.
- -pepsia: Indicates digestion, a crucial function of the digestive system.
- -emesis: Refers to vomiting, a defense mechanism to expel toxins or irritants.
- rect/o: Pertains to the rectum, the final segment of the large intestine.
Conditions and Procedures
- anoscopy: A visual examination of the anal canal and lower rectum.
- stomatomycosis: Any disease of the mouth due to a fungal infection.
- ileum: The last and longest part of the small intestine, crucial for nutrient absorption.
- bowel incontinence: The inability to control bowel movements, leading to accidental fecal discharge.
- bile: A digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, essential for fat digestion.
- ascending colon: The segment of the large intestine that travels upward from the cecum to the liver.
- anabolism: The metabolic process of building up body cells and substances from nutrients.
- periodontium: The supporting structures around the teeth, including gums and bone.
- intussusception: A condition where part of the intestine telescopes into another part, leading to obstruction.
Anatomy of the Digestive System
- cecum: Connects the small and large intestines, marking the start of the large intestine.
- sigmoid colon: An S-shaped part of the large intestine, leading to the rectum.
- rectum: The widest section of the large intestine, serving as a temporary storage for feces.
- jejunum: The middle section of the small intestine, involved in absorbing nutrients.
- duodenum: The first segment of the small intestine, where initial digestion occurs.
Medical Conditions
- hematemesis: Vomiting blood, indicating possible internal bleeding.
- hepatitis A: A viral infection primarily spread through contaminated food and water.
- celiac disease: A serious reaction to gluten, affecting the digestive tract.
- enteritis: Inflammation of the small intestine, often resulting in abdominal pain and diarrhea.
- xerostomia: The condition of dry mouth caused by insufficient saliva production.
- ulcerative colitis: Inflammatory bowel disease causing long-lasting inflammation and ulcers in the digestive tract.
Surgical Terms
- gastrectomy: Surgical removal of part or all of the stomach.
- colostomy: Creation of an artificial opening from the colon to the body's surface for waste elimination.
- proctopexy: Surgical fixation of the rectum to surrounding tissues.
- hepatectomy: Removal of all or part of the liver, often due to disease or tumors.
- esophagogastroduodenoscopy: An endoscopic procedure for examining the upper GI tract.
- sigmoidoscopy: An endoscopic examination of the rectum and sigmoid colon.
Symptoms and Treatments
- halitosis: Bad breath, often due to oral hygiene issues.
- diverticulitis: Inflammation of diverticula, small pouches that can form in the walls of the intestines.
- melena: Black, tarry stools indicating the presence of digested blood.
- pyrosis: Medical term for heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest caused by acid reflux.
- regurgitation: The return of swallowed food back into the mouth.
Abbreviations
- UC: Ulcerative colitis
- COL: Colonoscopy
- GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease
- IBS: Irritable bowel syndrome
- PUD: Peptic ulcer disease
Miscellaneous
- bruxism: Involuntary grinding or clenching of teeth, often during sleep.
- aerophagia: Excessive swallowing of air, leading to discomfort and bloating.
- jaundice: Yellowing of the skin due to excessive bilirubin, often indicating liver problems.
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Description
Test your knowledge of medical terminology related to the digestive system with these interactive flashcards. Each card provides key terms and their definitions to enhance your understanding of this essential body system.
