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What is the main function of the digestive system?
What is the main function of the digestive system?
Which term refers specifically to the terminal portion of the small intestine?
Which term refers specifically to the terminal portion of the small intestine?
What does the suffix '-ectomy' imply in medical terminology?
What does the suffix '-ectomy' imply in medical terminology?
What does 'dyspepsia' mean?
What does 'dyspepsia' mean?
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Which of the following conditions is characterized by chronic inflammation of the colon with ulcer formation?
Which of the following conditions is characterized by chronic inflammation of the colon with ulcer formation?
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What does the prefix 'hyper-' indicate in medical terms?
What does the prefix 'hyper-' indicate in medical terms?
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What does 'gastro' refer to in digestive terminology?
What does 'gastro' refer to in digestive terminology?
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Which combining form refers to the pancreas?
Which combining form refers to the pancreas?
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What term describes a disease of the intestine?
What term describes a disease of the intestine?
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Which of the following is NOT a key organ of the digestive system?
Which of the following is NOT a key organ of the digestive system?
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What is Crohn's Disease primarily classified as?
What is Crohn's Disease primarily classified as?
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Which condition is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity?
Which condition is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity?
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What is the purpose of a colonoscopy?
What is the purpose of a colonoscopy?
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Which term refers to the vomiting of blood?
Which term refers to the vomiting of blood?
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What is the abbreviation for Gastroesophageal reflux disease?
What is the abbreviation for Gastroesophageal reflux disease?
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Which of the following conditions is NOT related to the liver?
Which of the following conditions is NOT related to the liver?
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Ahmad’s diagnosis of GERD is primarily based on which primary symptom?
Ahmad’s diagnosis of GERD is primarily based on which primary symptom?
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Which diagnostic procedure involves a camera inserted to view the digestive tract?
Which diagnostic procedure involves a camera inserted to view the digestive tract?
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Which medication class did Ahmad find limited relief with for his symptoms?
Which medication class did Ahmad find limited relief with for his symptoms?
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What symptom is indicated by regurgitation?
What symptom is indicated by regurgitation?
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Study Notes
Digestive System Medical Terminology
- The digestive system functions to break down food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate waste.
- Key organs include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder.
Digestive System Terminology
- Duodenum: The first part of the small intestine.
- Ileum: The last part of the small intestine.
- Jejunum: The middle section of the small intestine.
- Enzyme: An organic catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions.
- Peritoneum: A large serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity, supporting abdominal organs.
- Emesis: Vomiting.
Combining Forms
-
Gastr/o: Refers to the stomach.
- Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach.
- Lingu/o: Refers to the tongue.
- Or/o: Refers to the mouth.
-
Enter/o: Refers to the intestines (usually the small intestine).
- Enteropathy: Disease of the intestines.
-
Hepat/o: Refers to the liver.
- Hepatomegaly: Enlargement of the liver.
-
Chol/e, Cholecyst/o: Refers to bile or the gallbladder.
- Cholecystectomy: Surgical removal of the gallbladder.
- Gingiv/o: Refers to the gums.
- Pancreat/o: Refers to the pancreas.
Suffixes
-
-pepsia: Refers to digestion.
- Dyspepsia: Indigestion or difficulty digesting.
- Eupepsia: Normal digestion.
-
-ectomy: Refers to surgical removal.
- Appendectomy: Surgical removal of the appendix.
- Colectomy: Surgical removal of part of the colon.
-
-megaly: Refers to enlargement.
- Splenomegaly: Enlargement of the spleen.
- Hepatomegaly: Enlargement of the liver.
Prefixes
-
Hyper-: Excessive or over.
- Hyperemesis: Excessive vomiting.
- Hyperacidity: Excess stomach acid.
-
Hypo-: Below normal or deficient.
- Hypogastric: Below the stomach.
- Hypoacidity: Below normal stomach acid levels.
-
Dys-: Difficult or painful.
- Dysphagia: Difficulty swallowing.
- Dyspepsia: Difficult or painful digestion.
Common Digestive Disorders
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Chronic acid reflux causing esophageal irritation.
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Affects the large intestine, causing abdominal pain and diarrhea.
- Ulcerative Colitis: Chronic inflammation of the colon with ulcer formation.
- Crohn's Disease: Inflammatory bowel disease affecting any part of the digestive tract.
- Ascites: Fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity.
- Cholelithiasis: Gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct.
- Hemorrhoids: Varicose veins in the rectum.
- Hematemesis: Vomiting blood.
Diagnostic Procedures
- Endoscopy: Procedure using a camera to view the inside of the digestive tract.
- Colonoscopy: Examination of the colon using a scope.
- Barium Swallow: X-ray of the upper digestive tract after swallowing barium.
Medical Terminology Related to the Liver
- Hepat/o: Liver (refers to the liver)
- Hepatopathy: Disease of the liver.
- Hepatotoxicity: Toxicity or poisoning of the liver.
- Cirrhosis: Chronic liver damage leading to liver failure.
- Jaundice: Yellowing of the skin due to elevated bilirubin levels.
Abbreviations
(A table of abbreviations and their full terms is included in the provided text)
Case Study (Patient Profile and History)
- Patient Name: Ahmad
- Age: 51 years
- Occupation: Businessman
- Medical History: 10-year history of heartburn worsening in the last year.
- Chief Complaint: Frequent epigastric pain and heartburn after meals and at bedtime. Regurgitation, but no aspiration.
Case Study (History of Present Illness)
- Ahmad has experienced heartburn for over 10 years, but it worsened over the last year.
- Daily symptoms, including nighttime symptoms, have disrupted sleep and caused fatigue.
- Intermittently taking OTC antacids and PPIs with limited relief.
Case Study (Diagnosis)
- Diagnosis: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Suspected erosive esophagitis (due to acid reflux)
- Further evaluation is needed through an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).
Case Study (Clinical Course)
- Treatment: Prescription of a Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) to reduce stomach acid and allow for esophageal healing. Examples of PPIs include omeprazole.
- Follow-up: Return to the clinic after 4 weeks of PPI therapy for reassessment before a scheduled endoscopy in 7 weeks.
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Description
Explore the key medical terminology related to the digestive system. This quiz covers essential organs, their functions, and relevant terms, including common combining forms. Test your knowledge on this critical aspect of human anatomy and physiology.
