Medical Terminology Chapter 7

Questions and Answers

What is the movement of a limb away from the midline called?

Abduction

What is the term for movement of a limb towards the midline?

Adduction

What is the anatomic position?

The position of reference where the patient stands facing you, arms at side, and palms facing forward.

What does 'anterior' refer to in anatomy?

The front surface of the body. Signup and view all the answers

What is the anteroposterior axis?

The axis that runs perpendicular to the coronal plane. Signup and view all the answers

What are antonyms in medical terminology?

Pairs of word roots, prefixes, or suffixes with opposite meanings. Signup and view all the answers

What is the apex?

The pointed extremity of a conical structure. Signup and view all the answers

What does bilateral mean in anatomy?

A body part or condition that appears on both sides of the midline. Signup and view all the answers

Define a combining form.

A word root followed by a vowel. Signup and view all the answers

What is a combining vowel?

The vowel used to combine two word roots or a word root and a prefix or suffix. Signup and view all the answers

What is a compound word in medical terminology?

A word containing more than one word root. Signup and view all the answers

What does contralateral mean?

On the opposite side of the body. Signup and view all the answers

What is a coronal plane?

An imaginary plane that divides the body into front and back portions. Signup and view all the answers

What is a cross section?

The product of slicing an object crosswise, perpendicular to its long axis. Signup and view all the answers

What does deep refer to in anatomy?

Farther inside the body and away from the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What does distal mean?

Farther from the trunk and nearer to the free end of the extremity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the dorsal surface of the body?

The posterior surface of the body, including the back of the hand. Signup and view all the answers

What is an eponym?

The name of a disease, device, procedure, or drug based on the person who invented or discovered it. Signup and view all the answers

Define extension in anatomical terms.

The straightening of a joint. Signup and view all the answers

What does external rotation refer to?

Rotating an extremity at its joint away from the midline. Signup and view all the answers

What is flexion?

The bending of a joint. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Fowler position?

A sitting position, with the head elevated at a 90 degree angle. Signup and view all the answers

What are homonyms?

Words that sound alike but are spelled differently and have different meanings. Signup and view all the answers

Define the horizontal axis in anatomy.

The axis that runs perpendicular to the sagittal plane. Signup and view all the answers

What is hyperextension?

Maximum extension or extension beyond the normal range of motion. Signup and view all the answers

What does hyperflexion mean?

Maximum flexion or flexion beyond the normal range of motion. Signup and view all the answers

What does inferior mean?

Below or closer to the feet. Signup and view all the answers

Define internal rotation.

Rotating to the anterior surface of an extremity toward the midline. Signup and view all the answers

What does ipsilateral mean?

On the same side of the body. Signup and view all the answers

What does lateral refer to in anatomy?

Parts of the body that lie farther from the midline. Signup and view all the answers

What is the longitudinal axis?

The axis that runs perpendicular to the transverse plane. Signup and view all the answers

What does medial indicate?

Closer to the midline. Signup and view all the answers

Define midsagittal plane.

An imaginary vertical line drawn from the middle of the forehead to the umbilicus. Signup and view all the answers

What does palmar refer to?

The forward-facing part of the hand in the anatomic position. Signup and view all the answers

What is a plantar surface?

The sole or bottom surface of the foot. Signup and view all the answers

What does posterior mean?

The back surface of the body. Signup and view all the answers

What is a prefix in medical terminology?

Part of a term that appears before a word root. Signup and view all the answers

What is pronation?

Turning the palms downward. Signup and view all the answers

What does prone mean?

Lying flat, face down. Signup and view all the answers

What does proximal mean?

Closer to the trunk. Signup and view all the answers

What are quadrants in the context of the abdominal cavity?

The four sections of the abdominal cavity divided by two imaginary lines. Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of motion?

The full distance that a joint can be moved. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Movement Terminology

Abduction: Movement of a limb away from the body's midline.
Adduction: Movement of a limb towards the body's midline.
Extension: Straightening of a joint.
Flexion: Bending of a joint.
Hyperextension: Extension beyond the normal range of motion.
Hyperflexion: Flexion beyond the normal range of motion.
Internal Rotation: Rotating the anterior surface of an extremity towards the midline.
External Rotation: Rotating an extremity away from the midline.

Anatomical Position and Planes

Anatomic Position: Reference position with the patient facing you, arms at the sides, palms facing forward.
Coronal Plane: Imaginary plane dividing the body into front and back sections.
Midsagittal Plane: Vertical line dividing the body into equal left and right halves.
Horizontal Axis: Runs perpendicular to the sagittal plane; also called the mediolateral axis.
Longitudinal Axis: Perpendicular to the transverse plane.

Body Orientation Terms

Anterior: Front surface of the body, facing you in the anatomic position.
Posterior: Back surface of the body, opposite of anterior.
Superior: Closer to the head.
Inferior: Closer to the feet.
Medial: Closer to the midline.
Lateral: Further from the midline.
Bilateral: Body parts appearing on both sides of the midline.
Contralateral: On the opposite side of the body.
Ipsilateral: On the same side of the body.

Structural Anatomy

Apex: The pointed extremity of a conical structure, with plural forms as apices or apexes.
Combining Form: A word root combined with a vowel.
Combining Vowel: The vowel used to connect word roots with prefixes or suffixes.
Compound Word: A word comprising more than one word root.

Body Positioning and Movements

Fowler Position: Sitting position with the head elevated to a 90-degree angle.
Prone: Lying flat on the face.
Dorsal: The posterior surface of the body, including the back of the hand.
Palmar: Forward-facing part of the hand in anatomic position.
Plantar: The sole or bottom surface of the foot.

Anatomical Dynamics

Range of Motion: The full distance a joint can be moved.
Quadrants: Four sections of the abdominal cavity divided by intersecting lines at the umbilicus.

Linguistic Definitions

Antonyms: Words with opposite meanings.
Homonyms: Words that sound alike, but differ in spelling and meaning.

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Test your knowledge on key medical terminology concepts in Chapter 7. This quiz covers essential definitions and movements related to anatomy. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of medical terms.