Medical Terminology Chapter 4

Questions and Answers

What is the term for pertaining to between the ribs?

intercostal

What is the term for pertaining to the opposite side?

contralateral

What is the protrusion of an eyeball called?

exophthalmos

What term describes a congenital anomaly?

syndactyly Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of symbiosis?

parasitism Signup and view all the answers

What do you call signs and symptoms that precede an illness?

prodrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the term that means before meals?

ante cibum Signup and view all the answers

What are antibodies?

protein substances made by leukocytes Signup and view all the answers

What does symphysis refer to?

bones grow together, as in the pelvis Signup and view all the answers

What is ultrasonography?

sound waves and echoes are used to create an image Signup and view all the answers

What does metamorphosis mean?

change in shape or form Signup and view all the answers

What is hypertrophy?

increase in cell size; increased development Signup and view all the answers

What term describes excessive sugar in the blood?

Hyperglycemia Signup and view all the answers

What does retroperitoneal mean?

behind the abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What are antigens?

streptococci Signup and view all the answers

What does the return of disease symptoms refer to?

relapse Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dia' mean?

complete, through Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of an abductor muscle?

carries a limb away from the body Signup and view all the answers

What does dyspnea mean?

difficult breathing Signup and view all the answers

What does brady refer to?

slow Signup and view all the answers

What are parathyroid glands?

located on the dorsal side of an endocrine gland in the neck Signup and view all the answers

What is recombinant DNA?

gene from one organism is inserted into another organism Signup and view all the answers

What term describes rapid heartbeats?

Tachycardia Signup and view all the answers

What is epithelium?

surface cells that line internal organs and are found in the skin Signup and view all the answers

What does percutaneous mean?

through the skin Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terminology Overview

Intercostal refers to the area between the ribs.
Contralateral indicates a position on the opposite side of the body.
Exophthalmos is the medical term for the protrusion of an eyeball.
Syndactyly is a congenital anomaly involving fused fingers or toes.

Biological Relationships

Symbiosis can include relationships such as parasitism, where one organism benefits at the expense of another.

Clinical Terms

Prodrome signifies early signs and symptoms that precede an illness.
Ante cibum means “before meals,” often used in medical prescriptions.
Antibodies are proteins produced by leukocytes that help combat infections.

Structural Terminology

Symphysis refers to a joint where bones grow together, commonly seen in the pelvis.
Ultrasonography utilizes sound waves and echoes to produce images of internal structures.
Metamorphosis describes a significant change in shape or form.
Hypertrophy involves an increase in cell size and development.

Metabolic and Physiological Terms

Hyperglycemia is characterized by excessive sugar levels in the blood, often a sign of diabetes.
Retroperitoneal means situated behind the abdominal cavity.
Antigens encompass substances that can trigger an immune response, such as streptococci bacteria.

Disease and Symptomology

Relapse refers to the return of disease symptoms after a period of improvement.
Dia- indicates a prefix meaning complete or through.
Abductor muscle functions to move a limb away from the body.
Dyspnea is the term for experiencing difficulty in breathing.
Brady describes a reduced speed, often related to heart rate as in bradycardia.

Endocrine and Genetic Terminology

Parathyroid glands are located on the dorsal side of the neck's endocrine glands and regulate calcium levels.
Recombinant DNA refers to genetic material created by combining genes from different organisms.
Tachycardia describes a condition characterized by rapid heartbeats.
Epithelium consists of surface cells lining internal organs and the skin, playing a key role in protection and absorption.
Percutaneous indicates procedures performed through the skin, often in medical interventions.

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Test your knowledge of key medical terms in Chapter 4 with these flashcards. Each card presents a word along with its definition, helping you reinforce your understanding of essential medical vocabulary. Perfect for students and professionals looking to improve their skills in medical terminology.