Medical Terminology Chapter 4.2 Flashcards

Pain Terminology

• Costaglia: Refers specifically to rib pain.
• Metatarsalgia: Describes pain occurring in the bones of the foot.
• Ostalgia, Ostealgia, Osteodynia: Terms that denote bone pain.
• Spondylodynia: Indicates pain associated with the vertebrae.
• Tibialgia: Specifically refers to pain in the tibia, or shinbone.

Joint and Muscle Issues

• Ankylosis: Represents stiffness in joints.
• Arthralgia, Arthrodynia: Both terms are used for joint pain, indicating discomfort in the areas where bones meet.
• Cervicodynia: Refers to pain in the neck region.

Sounds and Posture

• Crepitation: Describes a crackling sound that can be heard in joints during movement.
• Genu Valgum: A condition characterized by being bow-legged, where the knees angle inwards.
• Genu Varum: Refers to being knock-kneed, where the knees angle outwards.

Movement Disorders

• Bradykinesia: Defines a condition of slow movement, often seen in various movement disorders.
• Dyskinesia: Signifies an inability to control movements, typically affecting voluntary muscle actions.
• Dystaxia: Indicates poor coordination of movements.
• Dystonia: Refers to a state of poor muscle tone, resulting in abnormal muscle contractions.

Muscle Tone Variations

• Graphospasm: Specifically describes writer's cramp, a painful condition affecting the hand designed for writing.
• Hyperkinesia: Denotes an increase in muscle movement, often associated with hyperactivity.
• Hypertonia: Refers to increased muscle tone or tightness, leading to stiffness.
• Hypokinesia: Indicates a decrease in muscle movement, which may affect overall mobility.
• Hypotonia: Describes a decrease in muscle tone, often resulting in weakness and reduced strength.

Muscle Pain

• Myalgia, Myodynia: Both terms refer to muscle pain, a common complaint in various medical conditions.
• Myasthenia: Indicates muscle weakness, significant in conditions affecting the neuromuscular junction.
• Myospasm: Signifies a muscle spasm, an involuntary contraction of a muscle that can cause pain or discomfort.
• Tenalgia: Specifically represents pain in the tendons, which connect muscles to bones.