Medical Terminology Chapter 10 Pulmonology

Study Notes

Alveolus and Bronchus Terms

Alveolar: Pertaining to the alveolus, the small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
Bronchial: Relates to the bronchus, the major air passages from the trachea to the lungs.
Bronchiole: Denotes a small bronchus, connecting bronchi to alveoli.
Bronchiectasis: A condition characterized by the dilatation of bronchial tubes, often due to infection.
Bronchiolar: Refers to structures associated with bronchioles.
Bronchogram: A record (usually x-ray) of the bronchus.
Bronchography: The process of creating a bronchogram.
Bronchitis: Inflammation of the bronchial tubes.

Bronchoscope: An instrument used for visual examination of the bronchus.
Bronchoscopy: The procedure to visually examine the bronchus with a bronchoscope.
Bronchospasm: Involuntary muscle contraction occurring in the bronchus.

Conditions and Measurement

Bronchogenic: Referring to conditions or processes originating from the bronchus.
Pneumoconiosis: Abnormal lung condition due to dust inhalation.
Cyanosis: A state of skin discoloration due to lack of oxygen.

Lobe and Mediastinum Terms

Lobar: Pertaining to a lobe of the lung.
Lobectomy: Surgical removal of a lung lobe.
Mediastinal: Related to the mediastinum, the space between the lungs.
Mediastinotomy: Surgical incision into the mediastinum.

Breathing Terms

Orthopnea: Difficulty breathing while lying flat, relieved by sitting up.
Anoxia: The absence of oxygen.
Oximeter: An instrument used to measure oxygen levels in the blood.
Oximetry: The process of measuring oxygen saturation.

Pleural: Relates to the pleura, the membrane surrounding the lungs.
Pleurocentesis: Procedure to puncture the pleura and withdraw fluid.
Pleuralgia/Pleurodynia: Terms for pain in the pleura.
Pleuritis: Inflammation of the pleura.

Conditions of Breathing

Apnea: Absence of breathing.
Dyspnea: Difficulty or labored breathing.
Eupnea: Normal, unlabored breathing.
Hyperpnea: Excessively deep or rapid breathing.
Hypopnea: Insufficient or shallow breathing.
Bradypnea: Abnormally slow breathing.
Tachypnea: Abnormally rapid breathing.

Lung Recording Terms

Pneumogram: A record of lung function.
Pneumograph: An instrument used to record breathing, lung function.
Pneumography: The process of recording lungs' data.
Pneumothorax: The presence of air in the thoracic cavity.

Lung Procedures

Pneumonocentesis: Withdrawal of fluid from the lung.
Pneumonectomy: Surgical removal of a lung.
Pneumonotomy: Cutting into the lung.
Pulmonary: Pertaining to the lungs.
Pulmonology: The study of lung diseases.
Pulmonologist: A specialist in lung conditions.

Hematological and Respiratory Conditions

Hemoptysis: Coughing up blood.
Spirogram: A record of breathing patterns.
Spirometer: A device used to measure air capacity in lungs.
Spirometry: The technique of measuring breathing.

Thoracic Terms

Thoracalgia/Thoracodynia: Terms for pain in the chest.
Thoracic: Pertaining to the chest region.
Thoracotomy: Surgical opening into the chest.
Thoracocentesis: Procedure to puncture the chest and withdraw fluid.
Thoracostomy: Creating a new opening in the chest surgically.
Hemothorax: Blood accumulation in the chest cavity.
Pyothorax: Presence of pus in the chest cavity.

Trachea Terms

Tracheal: Pertains to the trachea, the airway leading to the lungs.
Tracheoplasty: Surgical repair of the trachea.
Tracheostomy: Creation of an opening in the trachea.
Tracheotomy: Cutting into the trachea.
Tracheitis: Inflammation of the trachea.
Endotracheal: Pertaining to inside the trachea.

Additional Term

Atelectasis: Incomplete expansion or collapse of lung tissue.

Description

Test your knowledge of essential medical terminology related to pulmonology with these flashcards. This quiz covers key terms that are vital for understanding respiratory anatomy and conditions. Perfect for students in the medical field or anyone interested in learning more about respiratory health.