Medical Terminology Chapter 1 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the definition of arthritis?

Inflammation of a joint.

What does biopsy mean?

Process of viewing living tissue under a microscope.

What is cardiology?

Study of the heart.

What does dermal pertain to?

Pertaining to the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What is cytology?

The study of cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is a cystoscope used for?

Instrument to visually examine the urinary bladder. Signup and view all the answers

What does cerebral mean?

Pertaining to the cerebrum. Signup and view all the answers

What does cephalic refer to?

Pertaining to the head. Signup and view all the answers

What is adenitis?

Inflammation of a gland. Signup and view all the answers

What is a hematoma?

A mass of blood, or black and blue mark. Signup and view all the answers

What is an erythrocyte?

Red blood cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is enteritis?

Inflammation of the small intestine. Signup and view all the answers

What does prognosis mean?

Prediction about the outcome of an illness. Signup and view all the answers

What is an electroencephalogram?

The record of electricity in the brain. Signup and view all the answers

What is gynecology?

The study of women, and women's diseases. Signup and view all the answers

What is an electrocardiogram?

The record of electricity in the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What does diagnosis mean?

Complete knowledge of a patient's illness on the basis of tests and other information. Signup and view all the answers

What is hemoglobin?

Protein found in red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is hepatitis?

Inflammation of the liver. Signup and view all the answers

What does laparotomy refer to?

Incision of the abdomen. Signup and view all the answers

What is nephrectomy?

Removal of the kidneys. Signup and view all the answers

What does neuritis mean?

Inflammation of a nerve. Signup and view all the answers

What is an ophthalmoscope used for?

Instrument used to visually examine the eye. Signup and view all the answers

What does osteotomy mean?

Incision of a bone. Signup and view all the answers

What does renal refer to?

Pertaining to the kidneys. Signup and view all the answers

What is rhinitis?

Inflammation of the nose. Signup and view all the answers

What is sarcoma?

Tumor of flesh tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What is an oncologist?

Specialist in the study of tumors. Signup and view all the answers

What does pathologist mean?

Specialist in the study of disease. Signup and view all the answers

What is psychosis?

Abnormal condition of the mind. Signup and view all the answers

What is a leukocyte?

White blood cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is a thrombocyte?

Clotting cell or platelet. Signup and view all the answers

What is gastritis?

Inflammation of the stomach. Signup and view all the answers

What is an adenoma?

Tumor of the gland(s). Signup and view all the answers

What is thrombosis?

Abnormal condition of clotting. Signup and view all the answers

What does -cyte refer to?

Cell. Signup and view all the answers

What does -ism indicate?

Condition, process. Signup and view all the answers

What does -ectomy mean?

Process of cutting out, removal, resection. Signup and view all the answers

What does -al indicate?

Pertaining to. Signup and view all the answers

What does -emia mean?

Condition of blood. Signup and view all the answers

What does -gram refer to?

Record. Signup and view all the answers

What does -algia mean?

Pain. Signup and view all the answers

What does -itis mean?

Inflammation. Signup and view all the answers

What does -globin signify?

Protein. Signup and view all the answers

What does -ic indicate?

Pertaining to. Signup and view all the answers

What does neuralgia mean?

Nerve pain. Signup and view all the answers

What is leukemia?

Large numbers of immature, cancerous white blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is an arthrogram?

X-ray of a joint. Signup and view all the answers

What is nephrology?

Study of the kidneys. Signup and view all the answers

What is hepatoma?

Tumor of the liver. Signup and view all the answers

What is laparoscopy?

Visual examination of the abdomen. Signup and view all the answers

What is an arthrotomy?

Incision of a joint. Signup and view all the answers

What is dermatosis?

Abnormal condition of the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What is dermatitis?

Inflammation of the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What does a hematologist specialize in?

Study of blood. Signup and view all the answers

What does hyper- mean?

Excessive, above, more than normal. Signup and view all the answers

What does sub- denote?

Under, below. Signup and view all the answers

What does dys- mean?

Abnormal, bad, difficult, painful. Signup and view all the answers

What does trans- mean?

Across, through. Signup and view all the answers

What does retro- mean?

Behind, back. Signup and view all the answers

What does dia- mean?

Complete, through. Signup and view all the answers

What does exo- mean?

Out, outside. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terminology Study Notes

Arthritis: Inflammation of a joint, causing pain and stiffness.
Biopsy: Examination of living tissue under a microscope to diagnose conditions.
Cardiology: The branch of medicine that deals with the study and treatment of the heart.
Dermal: Relates to the skin, often used in skin-related medical contexts.
Cytology: Study of cells, important in diagnosing diseases through examination of cellular structures.
Cystoscope: Instrument used to visually examine the urinary bladder.
Cerebral: Pertaining to the cerebrum, the largest part of the brain responsible for various functions.
Cephalic: Related to the head, commonly used in anatomical contexts.
Adenitis: Inflammation of a gland, can indicate infection or disease.
Hematoma: A localized collection of blood outside of blood vessels, often appearing as a bruise.
Erythrocyte: A red blood cell that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues.
Enteritis: Inflammation of the small intestine, which can cause gastrointestinal symptoms.
Prognosis: An educated prediction about the likely course or outcome of an illness.
Electroencephalogram: A record of electrical activity in the brain, used to diagnose neurological conditions.
Gynecology: The study and treatment of women's health, specifically focusing on reproductive health.
Electrocardiogram: A test that measures the electrical activity of the heart, useful for diagnosing heart conditions.
Diagnosis: The process of identifying a disease or condition based on the examination of symptoms and other data.
Hemoglobin: A protein in red blood cells essential for transporting oxygen throughout the body.
Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver, caused by viral infections or other factors.
Laparotomy: Surgical procedure involving an incision in the abdomen for examination or treatment.
Nephrectomy: Surgical removal of one or both kidneys.
Neuritis: Inflammation of a nerve, which can lead to pain and neurological symptoms.
Ophthalmoscope: An instrument for examining the interior of the eye, used to assess eye health.
Osteotomy: A surgical procedure where a bone is cut to reshape or stabilize it.
Renal: Pertaining to the kidneys, commonly referenced in assessments of kidney function.
Rhinitis: Inflammation of the nasal mucosa, causing congestion and discomfort.
Sarcoma: A type of cancer that originates in connective or soft tissues.
Oncologist: A medical doctor specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors.
Pathologist: Medical specialist who studies diseases to diagnose conditions based on tissue samples.
Psychosis: A severe mental disorder characterized by a disconnection from reality.
Leukocyte: A white blood cell that plays a vital role in the immune system.
Thrombocyte: Also known as a platelet; a cell involved in blood clotting.
Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach lining, causing discomfort and digestive issues.
Adenoma: A benign tumor formed from glandular structures in epithelial tissue.
Thrombosis: An abnormal condition involving the formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel.
-cyte: A suffix meaning "cell," used in various medical terminology.
-ism: A suffix indicating a condition or process, often used in medical diagnoses (e.g., "hyperthyroidism").
-ectomy: Refers to surgical removal; used in procedures like appendectomy.
-al: A suffix meaning "pertaining to," indicating relevance to a specific area.
-emia: Suffix indicating a condition related to blood, often used in terms like "anemia."
-gram: Refers to a record or image, as in "electrocardiogram."
-algia: A suffix denoting pain, commonly found in terms like "neuralgia" (nerve pain).
-itis: A common suffix indicating inflammation, seen in terms like "arthritis."
-globin: A suffix indicating a protein; seen in terms like "hemoglobin."
-ic: A suffix meaning "pertaining to," used widely in medical terminology.
Neuralgia: Pain in the nervous system, often indicating nerve damage or irritation.
Leukemia: A cancer characterized by an excessive number of immature white blood cells.
Arthrogram: An X-ray image of a joint, used to assess joint conditions.
Nephrology: The study of kidney health and diseases.
Hepatoma: A tumor located in the liver, often malignant.
Laparoscopy: A minimally invasive surgical procedure for examining the abdomen.
Arthrotomy: A surgical incision into a joint to allow for direct observation or treatment.
Dermatosis: An abnormal condition affecting the skin.
Dermatitis: Inflammation of the skin, often due to allergens or irritants.
Hematologist: A medical expert specializing in blood-related disorders.
Hyper-: A prefix indicating excess or above normal levels, commonly used in medical terminology.
Sub-: A prefix meaning below or under; often used to describe relative locations in anatomy.
Dys-: A prefix that signifies difficulty or abnormality, prevalent in various medical terms.
Trans-: A prefix meaning across or through, often used in terms describing movement or changes.
Retro-: A prefix meaning behind or back; used in descriptions of anatomical positions.
Dia-: A prefix meaning complete or through, often indicating thorough processes.
Exo-: A prefix meaning out or outside, often used in biological contexts.

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Explore medical terminology related to key concepts in Chapter 1. This quiz features essential terms and their definitions, enhancing your understanding of medical vocabulary. Perfect for students and professionals looking to test their knowledge.