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Questions and Answers
What does the skeletal system consist of?
What does the skeletal system consist of?
What is the periosteum?
What is the periosteum?
Tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outermost covering of bone.
What does the prefix 'peri-' mean?
What does the prefix 'peri-' mean?
Surrounding
What does the prefix 'oste-' indicate?
What does the prefix 'oste-' indicate?
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What is compact bone?
What is compact bone?
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What is spongy bone?
What is spongy bone?
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Where is the medullary cavity located?
Where is the medullary cavity located?
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What does 'medullary' refer to?
What does 'medullary' refer to?
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Where is red bone marrow located?
Where is red bone marrow located?
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What does hemopoietic mean?
What does hemopoietic mean?
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What is the function of yellow bone marrow?
What is the function of yellow bone marrow?
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What is cartilage?
What is cartilage?
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What is articular cartilage?
What is articular cartilage?
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What is a meniscus?
What is a meniscus?
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What is the diaphysis?
What is the diaphysis?
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What is the epiphysis?
What is the epiphysis?
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What is the proximal epiphysis?
What is the proximal epiphysis?
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What is the distal epiphysis?
What is the distal epiphysis?
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What is a foramen?
What is a foramen?
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What is a process in bone anatomy?
What is a process in bone anatomy?
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What are joints?
What are joints?
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What are fibrous joints?
What are fibrous joints?
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What are fontanelles?
What are fontanelles?
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What are cartilaginous joints?
What are cartilaginous joints?
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What is the pubic symphysis?
What is the pubic symphysis?
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What is a synovial joint?
What is a synovial joint?
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What does 'articulate' mean?
What does 'articulate' mean?
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What are ball and socket joints?
What are ball and socket joints?
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What are hinge joints?
What are hinge joints?
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Study Notes
Skeletal System Overview
- The skeletal system comprises bones, bone marrow, cartilage, joints, ligaments, synovial membrane, synovial fluid, and bursa.
- It functions as the body's framework, providing support and protection for internal organs.
Key Components of Bones
- Periosteum: Tough, fibrous tissue covering the outer layer of bone.
- Compact Bone: Dense, strong bone forming the protective outer layer.
- Spongy Bone: Lighter bone found in the ends and inner portions of long bones, like the femur.
Bone Structure
- Medullary Cavity: Located in the shaft of long bones, surrounded by compact bone.
- Endosteum: Tissue lining the medullary cavity.
Bone Marrow Types
- Red Bone Marrow: Located in spongy bone; produces red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and thrombocytes.
- Yellow Bone Marrow: Fat storage area located in the medullary cavity, mainly composed of fat cells.
Cartilage and Joint Function
- Cartilage: Smooth, blue-white connective tissue that serves as a shock absorber, offering more elasticity than bone.
- Articular Cartilage: Covers bones at joints, enabling smooth movement and protecting bones from friction.
Bone Terminology
- Diaphysis: The shaft of a long bone.
- Epiphysis: The wider end of a long bone covered with articular cartilage.
- Proximal Epiphysis: End of the bone closest to the body's midline.
- Distal Epiphysis: End of the bone farthest from the body’s midline.
Bone Openings and Projections
- Foramen: Openings in bones allowing passage of blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments.
- Process: Normal bone projections that serve as muscle and tendon attachment sites.
Joints and Their Types
- Joints (Articulations): Union points between two or more bones.
- Fibrous Joints: Inflexible joints held together by dense connective tissue.
- Fontanelles: Soft spots on a newborn's skull that harden as the child grows.
- Cartilaginous Joints: Slightly movable joints connected entirely by cartilage.
- Pubic Symphysis: A cartilaginous joint aiding movement during childbirth.
- Synovial Joints: Allow a variety of motion where two bones articulate.
Synovial Joint Types
- Ball and Socket Joints: Such as hips and shoulders, allowing extensive movement in various directions.
- Hinge Joints: Examples include knees and elbows, allowing movement in one primary direction or plane.
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Description
Explore key terms from Chapter 3 of medical terminology focused on the skeletal system. This quiz includes essential definitions that provide a foundational understanding of the skeletal anatomy, including bones and related structures. Perfect for students and professionals needing a quick review of medical terms.