MBG307: The Cell Cycle Course Syllabus Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of quiescence in the cell cycle?

  • To allow cells to persist in a non-dividing state and protect themselves from damage (correct)
  • To irreversibly arrest cell proliferation
  • To initiate cell division upon receiving an appropriate stimulus
  • To prevent cells from entering G1 phase

    • Which state is characterized by the ability to re-enter G1 of the cell cycle after passing the restriction point?

  • Quiescence (correct)
  • Senescence
  • Mitosis
  • G0 phase

    • What is the irreversible state that cells in G1 can enter?

  • Senescence (correct)
  • Quiescence
  • Mitosis
  • G0 phase

    • What is the function of senescence in the cell cycle?

    <p>To irreversibly arrest cell proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle is quiescence most closely associated with?

    <p>G0 phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what phase can cells in G1 enter senescence?

    <p>G0 phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic that differentiates quiescent cells from senescent and terminally differentiated cells?

    <p>Ability to reenter the cell cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cell types is NOT considered quiescent?

    <p>Senescent cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phase do cells enter during the resting phase outside of the cell cycle?

    <p>G0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stimuli induce quiescence by decreasing the levels of cyclin D/E and CDK4/6?

    <p>CDK inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of stem cell dormancy?

    <p>To reduce the accumulation of molecular damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecules are expressed at high levels in quiescent cells as CDK inhibitors?

    <p>$p21$, $p27$, and $p16$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of state is quiescence considered to be?

    <p>An actively regulated state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do quiescent stem cells retain the capacity to do?

    <p>$Reenter$ metabolic and cell-cycle activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    $T$ lymphocytes exit from quiescence upon binding of a cognate antigen to the $T$ cell receptor. What is this essential for?

    <p>$Promoting$ immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in regulating the exit and reentry of stem cells from/into quiescence?

    <p>Concerted regulation of biochemical and molecular processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reversible state of proliferative arrest in which cells are not actively dividing, and yet retain the capacity to reenter the cell cycle upon receiving an appropriate stimulus?

    <p>Quiescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an irreversible state that cells in G1 can enter?

    <p>Senescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state is characterized by the ability to re-enter G1 of the cell cycle after passing the restriction point?

    <p>Quiescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic that differentiates quiescent cells from senescent and terminally differentiated cells?

    <p>Ability to re-enter G1 of the cell cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do quiescent stem cells retain the capacity to do?

    <p>Re-enter the cell cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phase of the cell cycle is quiescence most closely associated with?

    <p>G0 phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of stem cell dormancy?

    <p>To reduce the accumulation of molecular damage and metabolic activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the stimuli that induce quiescence by decreasing the levels of cyclin D/E and CDK4/6?

    <p>Nutrient deprivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic that differentiates quiescent cells from senescent and terminally differentiated cells?

    <p>Capacity to reenter the cell cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reversible state of proliferative arrest in which cells are not actively dividing, and yet retain the capacity to reenter the cell cycle upon receiving an appropriate stimulus?

    <p>Quiescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do quiescent stem cells retain the capacity to do?

    <p>Reenter metabolic and cell-cycle activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle is quiescence most closely associated with?

    <p>G1 phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    $T$ lymphocytes exit from quiescence upon binding of a cognate antigen to the $T$ cell receptor. What is this essential for?

    <p>An appropriate immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the irreversible state that cells in $G_1$ can enter?

    <p>Senescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Quiescence in Cell Cycle

    • Quiescence serves as a temporary state of inactive growth, allowing cells to conserve energy and resources when conditions are unfavorable for proliferation.
    • It is closely associated with the G1 phase of the cell cycle, where cells can exit and re-enter based on stimuli.
    • Quiescent cells can re-enter G1 after passing the restriction point, maintaining their capacity to divide when conditions improve.

    Cell Cycle States

    • An irreversible state that cells in G1 can enter is known as senescence, where they lose the ability to divide permanently.
    • The reversible state of proliferative arrest where cells remain inactive yet can re-enter the cell cycle upon proper signals is characterized as quiescence.
    • Quiescent cells have distinct features that differentiate them from senescent and terminally differentiated cells, including the ability to re-enter the cell cycle.

    Inducing Quiescence

    • Decreased levels of cyclin D/E and CDK4/6 are stimuli that induce quiescence, leading to cell cycle arrest.
    • Quiescent stem cells express high levels of CDK inhibitors, serving as regulators to prevent unwanted proliferation.

    Stem Cell Function and Dormancy

    • The main function of stem cell dormancy is to maintain a reserve of stem cells ready for tissue repair and regeneration when needed.
    • Quiescent stem cells retain the capacity to differentiate and proliferate when prompted by appropriate external signals.

    Immune Response

    • $T$ lymphocytes exit from quiescence upon binding a cognate antigen to the $T$ cell receptor, essential for triggering an immune response and facilitating clonal expansion.

    Summary of Characteristics

    • Quiescent cells differ from senescent and terminally differentiated cells primarily by their ability to resume division.
    • The phase of the cell cycle most associated with quiescence is the G1 phase, indicating potential for further cell cycle progression under favorable conditions.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the course syllabus for MBG307: The Cell Cycle. Topics include overview of the eukaryotic cell cycle, model organisms in cell cycle analysis, cell cycle control system, mitotic spindle and cytokinesis, and more.

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