60 Questions
Which of the following is NOT listed as a class of antihypertensive therapeutics according to the text?
b1-adrenoceptor antagonists
Which diagnostic method is NOT mentioned as a way to diagnose hypertension in the text?
End organ damage
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with persistent dry cough as a side effect?
ACE inhibitors
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with ankle edema as a side effect?
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with flushes and headaches as side effects?
Calcium channel blockers
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with back/leg pain and hyperkalemia as side effects?
Diuretics
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with gout and renal impairment as side effects?
Diuretics
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with impotence and teratogenic effects as side effects?
Diuretics
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with dizziness, tiredness, and headaches as side effects?
ACE inhibitors
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of angioedema and hyponatremia as side effects?
ACE inhibitors
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of hyperkalemia and renal impairment as side effects?
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of dehydration and GI upset as side effects?
Diuretics
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of impotence and ineffective in moderate to severe renal impairment?
ACE inhibitors
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of ankle edema as a side effect?
Calcium channel blockers
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is NOT associated with risk of teratogenic effects?
Calcium channel blockers
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of dizziness, tiredness, and headaches as side effects?
ACE inhibitors
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of back/leg pain and hyperkalemia as side effects?
Diuretics
Which diagnostic method is mentioned as a way to diagnose hypertension in the text?
All of the above
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of flushes and headaches as side effects?
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of gout and renal impairment as side effects?
Diuretics
Which type of dysfunction is characterized by impaired cardiac contractility and a decreased ejection fraction?
Systolic dysfunction
Which type of dysfunction is characterized by decreased ventricular compliance and preserved ejection fraction?
Diastolic dysfunction
What is the main determinant of pre-load?
Venous return
What is the main component of afterload?
Vascular resistance
What is the equation for cardiac output?
Cardiac output = HR x SV
Which ion influences myocardial contractility (inotropy)?
Ca2+
Which channels are facilitated by cAMP and influence myocardial contractility?
L-type channels
Which exchange is indirectly inhibited by cardiac glycosides and influences myocardial contractility?
Na+/Ca2+ exchange
Which NYHA class of heart failure is characterized by marked limitation of physical activity and symptoms of heart failure at rest?
Class IV
Which NYHA class of heart failure is characterized by no limitation of physical activity and no symptoms of heart failure?
Class I
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of angioedema and hyponatremia as side effects?
ACE inhibitors
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of impotence and ineffective in moderate to severe renal impairment?
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of dehydration and GI upset as side effects?
Diuretics
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of back/leg pain and hyperkalemia as side effects?
Calcium channel blockers
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of gout and renal impairment as side effects?
ACE inhibitors
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of ankle edema as a side effect?
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of flushes and headaches as side effects?
Calcium channel blockers
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with risk of dizziness, tiredness, and headaches as side effects?
ACE inhibitors
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is associated with persistent dry cough as a side effect?
ACE inhibitors
Which class of antihypertensive therapeutics is NOT associated with risk of teratogenic effects?
Calcium channel blockers
Which cranial nerve is responsible for carrying afferent fibers from the walls of the aorta to the brain?
Vagus (Xth cranial) nerve
What is the primary function of baroreceptors in the body?
To maintain a relatively constant arterial blood pressure
Which of the following is NOT a fundamental component of a reflex control system for blood pressure?
Efferent pathways from the integrating center
Which of the following is a characteristic of baroreceptor activity?
Firing rate decreases when blood pressure increases
Which of the following is a location of main baroreceptors in the body?
Walls of the aorta
Which of the following is a characteristic of nervous control of arterial pressure?
It can increase arterial pressure to 2x normal within 5-10s
Which of the following is NOT a component of a reflex control system for blood pressure?
Target effectors that alter their activities
Which cranial nerve is responsible for carrying afferent fibers from the carotid artery to the brain?
Glossopharyngeal (IXth cranial) nerve
Which of the following is a characteristic of baroreceptors?
They alter their activities in response to changes in blood pressure
Which of the following is a characteristic of reflex control of blood pressure?
It is satisfied by local control mechanisms
Which receptors sense central blood volume in the cardiopulmonary baroreceptor reflex?
Atria, ventricles, veins, and pulmonary vessels
Which reflex is a sympathetic-mediated reflex that responds to increased blood in the atria?
Bainbridge Reflex
What is the primary purpose of baroreceptor reflex control?
To reduce the minute-to-minute variations or arterial pulse
Which effectors are targeted in the reflex control of blood pressure?
Heart and blood vessels
Which area of the medullary cardiovascular control (MCVC) center receives input from baroreceptors?
Sensory area
Which nerves are responsible for efferent sympathetic output in the medullary cardiovascular control (MCVC) center?
Sympathetic nerves
Which nerves are responsible for efferent parasympathetic (vagal) output in the medullary cardiovascular control (MCVC) center?
Parasympathetic (vagal) nerves
What is the main target effector of sympathetic effects in reflex control of blood pressure?
Blood vessels
What is the main target effector of parasympathetic effects in reflex control of blood pressure?
Heart
Which emergency pressure control system is activated when blood flow to the medullary cardiovascular control (MCVC) center is severely reduced?
CNS ischemic response
Test your knowledge on the pharmacological treatment of hypertension with this informative quiz. Learn about NICE guidelines, different classes of antihypertensive therapeutics, and how to manage resistant hypertension. Join Dr. Morag K. Mansley's quiz session at the School of Medicine and log onto Vevox polling with the provided ID.
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