30 Questions
Where is elastic cartilage commonly found?
In the auricle of the external ear
What is the main function of elastic cartilage?
To provide support and return to original shape after distortion
Which type of cartilage is the strongest and does not have perichondrium?
Fibrocartilage
Where can fibrocartilage be commonly found?
Intervertebral discs
What is the distinguishing feature of fibrocartilage microscopically?
Rows of chondrocytes between rows of thick collagen fibers
What type of cartilage provides support but also tolerates distortion without damage?
Elastic cartilage
What is the main function of Blood?
Carrying oxygen and nutrients to cells
Which component of Blood fights infections?
White Blood Cells
What is the function of Lymph in the body?
To return excess fluid to the heart
What is the liquid left after clotting proteins are removed from Blood called?
Serum
What do Platelets do in the blood?
Clotting
Which type of connective tissue has very few protein fibers and becomes visible during clotting?
Liquid Connective Tissue
What is the main function of dense regular connective tissue in tendons and ligaments?
To conduct pull of muscles
Which structure is most likely to be affected by Achilles tendonitis?
Heel tendon
What causes tendonitis in connective tissues?
Repetitive motion
What happens if a ligament is torn?
It can no longer connect bones properly
Which term best describes the arrangement of collagen fibers in ligaments and tendons?
Dense regular organization
What is the function of the fluid-filled protective sheaths covering tendons?
Protect from excessive wear and tear
Which component of the extracellular matrix in connective tissue is primarily made of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans?
Hyaluronic acid
Which type of connective tissue provides tensile properties and anchors?
Reticular tissue
What is the embryonic tissue from which all connective tissues arise?
Mesenchyme
Which type of connective tissue has a good blood supply and many nerves, except for some exceptions like cartilage and tendons?
Dense regular tissue
What is the main function of connective tissue related to 'binding and support'?
Adherence to matrix
Which type of fiber in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue determines tissue strength and rate of diffusion?
Collagenic fibers
What type of gland secretes products by shedding whole cells?
Holocrine
Which type of gland involves cells bursting to release cytoplasmic contents?
Apocrine
Which glandular secretion method involves exocytosis?
Merocrine
Which type of tissue is the most abundant and widely distributed?
Connective tissue
In connective tissue, what determines the role of the tissue?
Structural organization
Which gland type involves pinching off a portion of the cell to release its secretion?
Apocrine
Study Notes
Cartilage
- Elastic cartilage is commonly found in the external ear and epiglottis.
- The main function of elastic cartilage is to provide flexibility and maintain shape.
- Hyaline cartilage is the strongest type and does not have perichondrium.
- Fibrocartilage can be commonly found in intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, and the temporomandibular joint.
- The distinguishing feature of fibrocartilage microscopically is the presence of dense bundles of collagen fibers.
Blood and Lymph
- The main function of blood is to transport oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove waste products.
- White blood cells (leukocytes) fight infections.
- The function of lymph in the body is to defend against disease and maintain tissue fluid balance.
- The liquid left after clotting proteins are removed from blood is called serum.
- Platelets help to form blood clots and stop bleeding.
Connective Tissue
- Loose connective tissue has very few protein fibers and becomes visible during clotting.
- The main function of dense regular connective tissue in tendons and ligaments is to provide tensile strength.
- The Achilles tendon is the structure most likely to be affected by Achilles tendonitis.
- Tendonitis in connective tissues is caused by inflammation or injury.
- If a ligament is torn, it can cause joint instability.
- The arrangement of collagen fibers in ligaments and tendons is parallel.
- The fluid-filled protective sheaths covering tendons are called synovial tendon sheaths.
- The extracellular matrix in connective tissue is primarily made of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans.
Tissue Types
- Mesenchyme is the embryonic tissue from which all connective tissues arise.
- Loose connective tissue has a good blood supply and many nerves, except for some exceptions like cartilage and tendons.
- The main function of connective tissue related to 'binding and support' is to provide a framework for the body.
- Collagen fibers in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue determine tissue strength and rate of diffusion.
Glands
- Apocrine glands secrete products by shedding whole cells.
- Holocrine glands involve cells bursting to release cytoplasmic contents.
- Merocrine glands involve exocytosis for secretion.
- Tissue that is the most abundant and widely distributed is connective tissue.
General
- In connective tissue, the type and arrangement of fibers and the type of cells determine the role of the tissue.
- Apocrine glands involve pinching off a portion of the cell to release its secretion.
Test your knowledge on the characteristics of connective tissue as per Marieb's Table 4.1. Learn about the origins, composition, cells, and extracellular matrix of connective tissues such as cartilage and tendons.
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