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Questions and Answers
What is the function of the vas deferens?
What is the function of the vas deferens?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the external genitalia of the female?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the external genitalia of the female?
What is the function of the Sertoli cells?
What is the function of the Sertoli cells?
Which of the following is the site of fertilization?
Which of the following is the site of fertilization?
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What is the function of the tunica albuginea?
What is the function of the tunica albuginea?
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What is the function of the Bartholin's gland?
What is the function of the Bartholin's gland?
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Which of the following is the site of implantation of a fertilized egg?
Which of the following is the site of implantation of a fertilized egg?
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What is the function of the Leydig cells?
What is the function of the Leydig cells?
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Study Notes
Male Reproductive System
- Spermatogenesis: The process of sperm cell production in the testes. It involves mitosis and meiosis.
- Internal Anatomy: Includes the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands.
- External Anatomy: Includes the penis.
- Testis: Composed of seminiferous tubules which are tightly coiled.
- Sertoli Cells: Provide nourishment for sperm cells within the seminiferous tubules.
- Leydig Cells: Secrete testosterone.
- Epididymis: Temporary storage of sperm cells.
- Vas Deferens: Passageway for sperm from the epididymis to the seminal vesicle.
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Accessory Glands: Include the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands.
- Seminal Vesicles: Contribute fructose (energy) and other substances to semen.
- Prostate Gland: Produces an enzyme for activating proseminogelin and a clot-liquefying enzyme and fluid.
- Bulbourethral Glands: Secretes a lubricating fluid.
Female Reproductive System
- Oogenesis: The process of egg cell production in the ovaries. It also involves mitosis and meiosis.
- External Anatomy: Includes the vulva (mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and vaginal opening).
- Internal Anatomy: Includes the ovaries, Fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina.
- Ovaries: Produce estrogen and eggs.
- Fallopian Tubes: Site of fertilization.
- Uterus: Site of implantation of fertilized egg and development of the fetus.
- Vagina: Elastic, muscular canal extending from the vulva to the cervix.
- Cervix: The lower, cylindrical part of the uterus.
- Vulva: External female genitalia.
- Mons Pubis: Located over the pubic symphysis.
- Hymen: Located within the vestibule, partially closes the distal end of vagina.
- Clitoris: Homologue to the male penis.
- Labia Majora: Homologue to the male scrotum. Contains adipose tissue and sweat glands.
- Labia Minora: Has few sweat glands and numerous sebaceous glands.
- Vestibule: Opening between the two labia minora.
- Bartholin's Glands: Secretes mucus for lubrication.
- Skene's glands: Secrete mucus.
- Ovarian and Menstrual Cycles: Complex hormonal interactions regulating the production and release of eggs.
Diseases
- Prostate Cancer: A cancer affecting the prostate gland.
- Inguinal Hernia: A hernia occurring in the groin area.
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A hormonal disorder.
- Tubal Ligation A procedure where the fallopian tubes are cut & closed, sterilizing a woman.
Mammary Glands
- Mammary Glands: Modified sweat glands in the breast.
- Alveoli: Milk-secreting cells.
- Ampullae/Lactiferous Sinus: Temporary storage of milk.
- Areola: Pigmented area around the nipple.
Sperm and Ovum structures/enzymes
- Acrosome Enzymes: Hyaluronidase and acrosin aid in sperm penetration of the egg.
- Ovum Structures: Nucleus, Cytoplasm and membrane structures help in fertilization.
Embryonic Development
- Embryonic development encompasses the stages of growth and change from fertilization until birth. Stages include zygote, 2-cell, 4-cell, 8-cell, 16-cell, morula, blastocyst, and fetal development. Stages are detailed within the notes.
HIV & AIDS
- HIV: Virus causing HIV infection. Damages the immune system by killing CD4 cells.
- AIDS: Last stage of HIV infection. Significant reduction of CD4 cells. Increased risk of infections.
- HIV Infection Cycle: Latent and Active phases detailed in notes.
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Description
This quiz covers key aspects of the male reproductive system including spermatogenesis, the internal and external anatomy, and the roles of various glands. Understand the structure and function of the testes, epididymis, and accessory glands. Test your knowledge of how these components work together in reproduction.
