37 Questions
What is the major function of the lymphatic system?
Transport dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins to the liver
How does lymph move through the lymphatic vessels?
By skeletal muscle contraction, breathing, and body movements
Which areas of the body lack lymphatic vessels?
Bone marrow and central nervous system (CNS)
What is a major function of B cells in the immune system?
Produce plasma cells that bind to antigens
Where do all leukocytes originate from?
Red marrow
What is the role of granular leukocytes in the immune system?
Help mediate immune response against parasites and pathogens
What is the primary function of plasma cells?
To secrete soluble antibodies
Which of the following statements about T cells is correct?
T cells can secrete chemokines to bring other immune cells to the area
Where do B cells develop?
In the red bone marrow
What is the primary function of Natural Killer cells?
To provide the first line of defense against viruses and some cancers
Which of the following is NOT considered a secondary lymphoid organ?
Thymus gland
What is the primary function of lymph nodes?
To remove debris and pathogens from lymph
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of germinal centers?
Produce red blood cells
What is the primary function of the spleen?
To filter blood
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of lymphoid nodules?
Surrounded by a fibrous capsule
What is the primary function of tonsils?
To develop immunity to oral pathogens
Where can mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) be found?
In the gastrointestinal tract, breast tissue, lungs, and eyes
What is the primary function of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT)?
To provide an effective immune response against inhaled pathogens
Which of the following is NOT a barrier defense mechanism?
Macrophages
What is the primary function of natural killer cells in the innate immune system?
Induction of apoptosis in infected cells
What is the role of pattern recognition receptors in the innate immune system?
To recognize and respond to pathogen-associated molecular patterns
Which of the following is NOT a component of the inflammatory response?
Antibody production
What is the primary function of the adaptive immune response?
To recognize and specifically attack a wide variety of pathogens
What is the role of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules in T cell recognition?
To present antigens to T cells for recognition
Which type of MHC molecule is expressed by most human cells?
Class I MHC
What is the primary difference between the primary and secondary adaptive immune responses?
The secondary response is more severe due to the presence of immunological memory
What is the role of cytokines and chemokines in the immune response?
To allow communication and attraction of immune cells
What is the primary function of macrophages in the immune response?
To stimulate phagocytosis at the site of infection
Which of the following is the correct order of events in T cell maturation?
Positive selection, negative selection, apoptosis
What is the primary function of helper T cells (Th1 and Th2 cells)?
To secrete cytokines and enhance other immune responses
Which of the following is NOT a function of antibodies produced by B cells?
Undergoing clonal expansion and differentiation
What is the difference between active and passive immunity?
Active immunity stimulates memory cell production, while passive immunity involves the transfer of antibodies
What is the process by which antibody levels rise in the blood as pathogen levels decline, and vice versa?
Seroconversion
What is the primary function of IgA antibodies in the mucosal immune response?
To neutralize pathogens and prevent them from binding to receptors
Which of the following is the primary mechanism by which the body fights viral infections?
Natural killer cells, interferons, and cytotoxic T cells
What is the process by which a mature B cell recognizes an antigen and rapidly divides to produce effector and memory B cells?
Clonal expansion
What is the primary function of regulatory T cells in the immune system?
To suppress other T cell immune responses
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the lymphatic and immune systems, including components like immune system cells, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and the functions of the lymphatic system. Learn about the absorption of dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins, and their transportation via lymphatic vessels to the liver.
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