10 Questions
What is the role of intrapleural pressure (Pip) in the respiratory system?
To keep the lungs inflated by maintaining negative pressure
What is the purpose of pleural fluid in the respiratory system?
To cushion the lungs and protect them from physical damage
What condition can result from the accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity?
Pneumothorax
During an asthma attack, what happens to the bronchioles?
They become severely constricted
Which structure in the respiratory system contracts during coughing?
Trachealis
Which part of the respiratory system is composed of ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells?
Trachea
In the conducting zone of the lower respiratory system, what replaces cartilage as branching continues?
Elastic fibers
Which type of epithelium is typically found in the respiratory zone of the lungs?
Simple squamous
What type of blood vessels provide oxygenated blood from the aorta to lung tissue?
Bronchial arteries
'Going down the wrong pipe' in the respiratory system usually triggers a cough reflex due to irritation of which structure?
Epiglottis
Study Notes
Respiratory System Mechanics
- Intrapleural pressure (Pip) helps to expand the lungs during inhalation and deflate them during exhalation.
Pleural Fluid Function
- Pleural fluid reduces friction between the lungs and chest cavity, allowing for smooth movement during breathing.
Pleural Cavity Complications
- Accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity can lead to pleural effusion, a condition that impairs lung expansion.
Asthma Attack Effects
- During an asthma attack, bronchioles constrict, reducing airflow and increasing resistance to breathing.
Coughing Mechanism
- The diaphragm contracts during coughing, forcing air out of the lungs to expel irritants.
Respiratory Tract Epithelium
- The trachea and bronchi are lined with ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells, which helps to filter and humidify the air.
Conducting Zone Anatomy
- As the bronchi branch, smooth muscle replaces cartilage to provide structural support.
Respiratory Zone Characteristics
- The respiratory zone of the lungs is composed of simple squamous epithelium, which allows for efficient gas exchange.
Lung Blood Supply
- Oxygenated blood from the aorta is delivered to lung tissue through bronchial arteries.
Cough Reflex Trigger
- Irritation of the epiglottis, which separates the trachea from the esophagus, usually triggers a cough reflex when food or liquids "go down the wrong pipe".
Test your knowledge of the lower respiratory tract anatomy, focusing on the structure and functions of the trachea. Identify the different layers and components of the trachea, including the mucosa, submucosa, and trachealis muscle, and understand their roles in the respiratory system.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
