Podcast
Questions and Answers
What mechanism is responsible for the diffuse white plaques in the oral cavity of the 1-month-old male?
What mechanism is responsible for the diffuse white plaques in the oral cavity of the 1-month-old male?
- Deficiency of CD40 ligand on T cells
- Enhanced T lymphocyte activity
- Increased CD40 ligand expression
- Decreased B lymphocyte activity (correct)
In a 8-month-old with super high IgM levels on a lab report, what mechanism is likely involved?
In a 8-month-old with super high IgM levels on a lab report, what mechanism is likely involved?
- Enhanced T lymphocyte activity
- Normal B cell function
- Deficiency of CD40 receptor on B cells (correct)
- Overexpression of CD40 ligand on T cells
What is the likely diagnosis for a 6-year-old female with recurrent Staph abscesses, eczematoid skin lesions, and abnormal dentition?
What is the likely diagnosis for a 6-year-old female with recurrent Staph abscesses, eczematoid skin lesions, and abnormal dentition?
- Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)
- Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
- Hyper IgE syndrome (Job syndrome) (correct)
- Ataxia-telangiectasia
What cell dysfunction is responsible for eczematoid skin lesions and thrombocytopenia in a 12-month-old male with history of infections?
What cell dysfunction is responsible for eczematoid skin lesions and thrombocytopenia in a 12-month-old male with history of infections?
In a 3-year-old female with dilated superficial blood vessels on the face and a wobbly gait, what mechanism is likely at play?
In a 3-year-old female with dilated superficial blood vessels on the face and a wobbly gait, what mechanism is likely at play?
What is the likely diagnosis for a 17-month-old male presenting with lymphadenopathy, fever, hepatosplenomegaly, low RBCs and WBCs, and high IgM and IgG levels?
What is the likely diagnosis for a 17-month-old male presenting with lymphadenopathy, fever, hepatosplenomegaly, low RBCs and WBCs, and high IgM and IgG levels?
What is a common drug associated with agranulocytosis, often indicated by mouth ulcers, sore throat, and fever?
What is a common drug associated with agranulocytosis, often indicated by mouth ulcers, sore throat, and fever?
In which type of hypersensitivity reaction does cryoglobulinemia play a role, causing skin lesions, Raynaud phenomenon, muscle pain, and glomerulonephritis?
In which type of hypersensitivity reaction does cryoglobulinemia play a role, causing skin lesions, Raynaud phenomenon, muscle pain, and glomerulonephritis?
In hyper-IgM syndrome, what biological property is associated with the predominant immunoglobulin in the serum of affected patients?
In hyper-IgM syndrome, what biological property is associated with the predominant immunoglobulin in the serum of affected patients?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom associated with cryoglobulinemia?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom associated with cryoglobulinemia?
What is the mechanism of action of thionamides in causing neutropenia?
What is the mechanism of action of thionamides in causing neutropenia?
Which patient characteristic is associated with hyper-IgM syndrome?
Which patient characteristic is associated with hyper-IgM syndrome?
What is the mechanism by which lipid A of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in gram (-) sepsis stimulates macrophages?
What is the mechanism by which lipid A of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in gram (-) sepsis stimulates macrophages?
Which cytokine is responsible for causing fever in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure?
Which cytokine is responsible for causing fever in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure?
What is the role of toll-like receptor 4 (CD14 co-receptor) in the immune response to endotoxin exposure?
What is the role of toll-like receptor 4 (CD14 co-receptor) in the immune response to endotoxin exposure?
In a patient presenting with toxic shock syndrome, which immunological receptors are primarily involved?
In a patient presenting with toxic shock syndrome, which immunological receptors are primarily involved?
How can a patient with phenylketonuria (PKU) be identified shortly after birth to prevent complications?
How can a patient with phenylketonuria (PKU) be identified shortly after birth to prevent complications?
What is the key enzyme deficiency in phenylketonuria (PKU) that leads to the need for dietary restrictions?
What is the key enzyme deficiency in phenylketonuria (PKU) that leads to the need for dietary restrictions?
What is the mechanism behind the development of Hemolytic disease of the newborn (Rh type)?
What is the mechanism behind the development of Hemolytic disease of the newborn (Rh type)?
Which antibody type is predominantly present in individuals with opposing blood types, except for those with O blood?
Which antibody type is predominantly present in individuals with opposing blood types, except for those with O blood?
Which infectious association is commonly linked to a positive Coombs test due to IgM antibodies against RBCs?
Which infectious association is commonly linked to a positive Coombs test due to IgM antibodies against RBCs?
How does molecular mimicry contribute to the pathogenesis of some autoimmune diseases?
How does molecular mimicry contribute to the pathogenesis of some autoimmune diseases?
Which antibody is involved in the hemolysis of fetal Rh(+) RBCs in Hemolytic disease of the newborn (Rh type)?
Which antibody is involved in the hemolysis of fetal Rh(+) RBCs in Hemolytic disease of the newborn (Rh type)?
Why can a fetus be symptomatic if a mother with O blood has a higher percentage of anti-A and -B antibodies that are IgG?
Why can a fetus be symptomatic if a mother with O blood has a higher percentage of anti-A and -B antibodies that are IgG?
What is the effect of p53 mutation in cancer invasion?
What is the effect of p53 mutation in cancer invasion?
In a patient with cellulitis who develops fever, confusion, tachycardia, and low blood pressure, which two cytokines are likely responsible for the condition?
In a patient with cellulitis who develops fever, confusion, tachycardia, and low blood pressure, which two cytokines are likely responsible for the condition?
Why would giving aspirin or ibuprofen decrease fever in a patient with sepsis?
Why would giving aspirin or ibuprofen decrease fever in a patient with sepsis?
What is responsible for the loss of appetite in a patient with breast cancer who has lost 20 lbs in the past month?
What is responsible for the loss of appetite in a patient with breast cancer who has lost 20 lbs in the past month?
In a study comparing two cell lines, one with an IL-2 gene transfected and the other without, which type of cell is likely generating a stronger immune response?
In a study comparing two cell lines, one with an IL-2 gene transfected and the other without, which type of cell is likely generating a stronger immune response?
If a USMLE question focuses on sepsis and asks about the molecule responsible for changes in blood pressure, what would be the most likely correct answer?
If a USMLE question focuses on sepsis and asks about the molecule responsible for changes in blood pressure, what would be the most likely correct answer?
