Questions and Answers
What is another name for Lactulose?
What is the primary indication for Lactulose?
Treatment of chronic constipation and management of portal-systemic encephalopathy.
What classification of drugs does Lactulose belong to?
Osmotics
What are the adverse effects of Lactulose?
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What is a critical nursing implication when administering Lactulose?
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Lactulose increases water content and softens the ______.
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Lactulose can be used with other laxatives in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.
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What is the recommended route and dosage for treating constipation with Lactulose?
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What actions does Lactulose perform in the body?
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What are the contraindications or precautions associated with Lactulose?
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Study Notes
Lactulose Overview
- Lactulose is also known as Enulose.
- Classified as an osmotic laxative, it functions by drawing water into the colon.
Indications
- Used for treating chronic constipation.
- Acts as an adjunct therapy in managing portal-systemic encephalopathy (PSE).
Mechanism of Action
- Increases water content, softening the stool for easier passage.
- Lowers colon pH, inhibiting ammonia diffusion into the bloodstream, thus reducing blood ammonia levels.
Administration
- For constipation, the typical oral dosage is 15-30 mL up to 60 mL per day.
- For PSE, administer 30-45 mL 3-4 times daily, potentially starting with 12-hour intervals to induce laxation.
- In rectal administration, 300 mL diluted as a retention enema every 4-6 hours.
Adverse Effects
- Common side effects include belching, cramps, abdominal distention, flatulence, and diarrhea.
- Can cause hyperglycemia in diabetic patients.
Contraindications and Precautions
- Should be avoided in specific situations but the details are unspecified in the provided information.
Drug Interactions
- Not recommended to combine with other laxatives during hepatic encephalopathy treatment.
- Anti-infective agents may reduce the effectiveness in treating hepatic encephalopathy.
Nursing Implications
- Monitor for abdominal distention and regular bowel sounds.
- Evaluate the color, consistency, and volume of stool.
- For PSE patients, assess mental status throughout therapy.
- Be cautious as it may elevate blood glucose levels in diabetics.
- Mix the medication with at least a full glass (240 mL) of water or juice.
- Regular monitoring of serum electrolytes is essential, especially with chronic use due to risk of diarrhea leading to hypernatremia and hypokalemia.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards about Lactulose, its uses, classifications, and indications. This quiz covers essential pharmacological concepts related to this medication, including its effects on constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. Perfect for students and professionals in the health sciences.
