Lactulose: Mechanism of Action as an Osmotic Laxative

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What is the mechanism of action of Pancrelipase?

To block the release of HCl in response to gastrin
To suppress the secretion of gastric acid and lower the concentration of H+ ions in the stomach
To increase the digestion of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins in the GI tract (correct)
To increase the secretion of HCL into the lumen of the stomach

What is a potential adverse effect of long-term use of PPIs?

Increased bone loss and hypertension (correct)
Increased digestion of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins
Decreased risk of pneumonia
Increased risk of fibrosis

What is the recommended dosage of Pancrelipase for adults and children > 4 years old?

Up to 1,500 lipase units/kg/meal
Up to 2,500 lipase units/kg/meal (correct)
Up to 5,000 lipase units/kg/meal
Up to 10,000 lipase units/kg/meal

What is the mechanism of action of Psyllium?

It promotes defecation and resumption of normal bowel function (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended administration of Pancrelipase?

Immediately before or with meals/snacks (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential indication for the use of H2 antagonists?

Treatment of active duodenal ulcer or benign gastric ulcer (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of lactulose as an osmotic laxative?

It increases the osmotic pull of fluid into the GI tract (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk factor for the development of gallstones?

Abnormalities in the composition of bile (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of chronic pancreatitis that distinguishes it from acute pancreatitis?

Irreversibility of pancreatic function (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom of GERD?

Heartburn/pyrosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Crohn's disease that distinguishes it from ulcerative colitis?

Affecting any area of the GI tract (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of lactulose in patients with cirrhosis?

Decreasing the amount of toxins in the blood (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary complication of appendicitis if left untreated?

Perforation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Ondansetron?

Antagonizing the serotonin receptors on the afferent vagal neurons (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that contributes to the development of diverticulosis?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is Ondansetron primarily used to treat?

Nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the class of medications that Ondansetron belongs to?

5-HT3 Receptor Blockers (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary teaching point for patients with GERD?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of intussusception?

Telescoping of bowel into adjacent segment (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the zone where Ondansetron blocks the serotonin receptors?

Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone (CTZ) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the memory trick to remember Ondansetron?

Drug ends in TRON; think T as in hT3 (D) Signup and view all the answers