Podcast
Questions and Answers
A patient with kidney disease presents with increased bleeding after a routine dental extraction. Which factor associated with kidney disease is MOST likely contributing to this complication?
A patient with kidney disease presents with increased bleeding after a routine dental extraction. Which factor associated with kidney disease is MOST likely contributing to this complication?
- Hypertension causing increased blood flow to the extraction site.
- Corticosteroid treatment leading to decreased wound healing.
- Underlying disease affecting platelet function and coagulation. (correct)
- Impaired drug excretion leading to prolonged effects of local anesthetics.
A kidney disease patient on cyclosporine develops significant gingival overgrowth. What is the MOST appropriate initial management strategy?
A kidney disease patient on cyclosporine develops significant gingival overgrowth. What is the MOST appropriate initial management strategy?
- Improve the patient's oral hygiene and consider professional mechanical plaque removal. (correct)
- Prescribe a course of broad-spectrum antibiotics to reduce inflammation.
- Discontinue cyclosporine immediately and switch to an alternative immunosuppressant.
- Immediately refer the patient for surgical excision of the overgrown tissue.
A pediatric kidney disease patient exhibits delayed tooth eruption and enamel hypoplasia. Which underlying factor related to their condition is MOST likely responsible for these dental findings?
A pediatric kidney disease patient exhibits delayed tooth eruption and enamel hypoplasia. Which underlying factor related to their condition is MOST likely responsible for these dental findings?
- The impact of kidney disease on growth and development. (correct)
- Increased susceptibility to viral infections like Herpes Simplex.
- Diet leading to nutritional deficiencies.
- Hypertension altering enamel formation.
A patient with kidney disease complains of persistent dry mouth and a metallic taste. Which of the following represents the MOST likely cause of these symptoms?
A patient with kidney disease complains of persistent dry mouth and a metallic taste. Which of the following represents the MOST likely cause of these symptoms?
A kidney transplant recipient on immunosuppressants presents with a suspicious lesion on their lip. Which of the following malignancies should be of GREATEST concern?
A kidney transplant recipient on immunosuppressants presents with a suspicious lesion on their lip. Which of the following malignancies should be of GREATEST concern?
A patient with chronic kidney disease reports experiencing itchy skin, what physiological process is most likely contributing to this symptom?
A patient with chronic kidney disease reports experiencing itchy skin, what physiological process is most likely contributing to this symptom?
Which dietary modification is MOST important for managing edema (swollen ankles, feet, or hands) in a patient newly diagnosed with kidney disease?
Which dietary modification is MOST important for managing edema (swollen ankles, feet, or hands) in a patient newly diagnosed with kidney disease?
A patient undergoing haemodialysis for end-stage renal disease asks about their long-term prognosis. What information is MOST accurate based on the information provided?
A patient undergoing haemodialysis for end-stage renal disease asks about their long-term prognosis. What information is MOST accurate based on the information provided?
A patient who has undergone a kidney transplant is prescribed corticosteroids, azathioprine, and cyclosporine. What is the primary reason for administering these medications?
A patient who has undergone a kidney transplant is prescribed corticosteroids, azathioprine, and cyclosporine. What is the primary reason for administering these medications?
A kidney transplant recipient develops a fever and cough one month after surgery. Considering their medication regimen, what is the MOST likely concern?
A kidney transplant recipient develops a fever and cough one month after surgery. Considering their medication regimen, what is the MOST likely concern?
Flashcards
Kidney Disease: Appetite & Weight
Kidney Disease: Appetite & Weight
Reduced appetite and unintentional weight loss.
Kidney Disease: Swelling
Kidney Disease: Swelling
Fluid retention causing swelling, especially in ankles, feet, or hands.
Kidney Disease: Urination
Kidney Disease: Urination
Increased urge to urinate, especially at night.
Kidney Dialysis
Kidney Dialysis
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Post-Transplant Immunosuppression
Post-Transplant Immunosuppression
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Kidney disease & infections
Kidney disease & infections
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Bleeding tendencies
Bleeding tendencies
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Impaired drug excretion
Impaired drug excretion
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Hypertension
Hypertension
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Dry mouth (xerostomia)
Dry mouth (xerostomia)
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Study Notes
- Kidney disease signs and symptoms include the following:
- Weight loss and poor apppetite
- Shortness of breath (dyspnoea)
- Swollen ankles, feet or hands, due to water retention
- Increased need to urinate, especially at night
- Insomnia
- Itchy skin
- Blood in urine (haematuria)
General Management
- General management for kidney disease includes the following:
- Low protein diet
- Potassium restriction
- Salt or water control
- Dialysis/transplant
- Prevention of further renal damage
- Dialysis can give a normal life to up to 20% of patients, but does not prevent all complications.
- Over 70% of patients on haemodialysis survive at least 5 years.
- A renal transplant may become necessary.
Renal Transplantations
- A survival graft can be up to 90% at one year for renal transplantations, which is now common.
- Patients need to be immunosuppressed after the transplant.
- Common medications involved in kidney transplants are:
- Corticosteroid
- Azathioprine
- Cyclosporine
- After transplant patients may still deal with problems associated with renal failure.
- After transplant the patient are susceptible to infection from immunosuppression.
- Patients also require steroid cover.
Dental Relevance
- Consider these conditions when providing dental treatment to patients with kidney disease:
- Bleeding tendencies
- Underlying disease
- Impaired drug treatment
- Infections with hepatitis B and other viruses
- Hypertension
- Bone lesions of the jaw
- Corticosteroid or other immunosuppressive treatment
- Diet
- Patients can expect the following symptoms:
- Candida infection
- Herpes Simplex or Zoster
- Lymphomas and to a less degree
- Skin, lip and cervical cancer
- Cytomegalovirus
- Epstein-Barr
- Virus infections
- Kaposi's Sarcoma
- Cyclosporine may cause gingival overgrowth
Clinical Dental Relevance
- Patients can also experience conditions which include:
- Dry mouth
- Halitosis
- Metallic taste
- Salivary gland swelling
- Stunted Growth
- Delayed tooth eruption
- Enamel hypoplasia
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Description
Explore signs and symptoms of kidney disease, including weight loss, shortness of breath and blood in urine. Learn about general management which includes diet, dialysis, and transplant options. Understand renal transplantation, survival rates, and immunosuppressive medications.
