Renal/Transplant: Common Kidney Diseases and Injuries

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of loop diuretics?

  • Inhibit H20 reabsorption in the descending limb of the loop of Henle (correct)
  • Promote Ca reabsorption in the proximal tubule
  • Reduce K+ reabsorption in the collecting duct
  • Increase Na and Cl reabsorption in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle

Which drugs work specifically at the distal convoluted tubule?

  • Aldosterone antagonists
  • ADH inhibitors
  • Thiazide diuretics (correct)
  • Loop diuretics

What is the primary function of aldosterone at the collecting duct?

  • Inhibit Na and Cl reabsorption
  • Increase Na and H20 reabsorption (correct)
  • Decrease K+ reabsorption
  • Promote Ca reabsorption

How is chronic kidney disease (CKD) measured?

<p>By the degree of albuminuria and GFR (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key risk factor for drug-induced kidney disease?

<p>Concurrent use of multiple nephrotoxic medications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of serum creatinine (SCr)?

<p>0.6-1.3 mg/dL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions do we use ACE inhibitors (ACE-i) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) as first-line agents to prevent progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

<p>When albuminuria is present (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general rule for drug dose adjustment when creatinine clearance (CrCl) is less than or equal to 30 mL/min?

<p>Check for dose adjustments or consider the drug contraindicated (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is contraindicated when creatinine clearance (CrCl) falls below 50 mL/min?

<p>Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) containing products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with kidney disease, which complication may arise due to increased phosphate levels in the blood?

<p>Hyperphosphatemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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