K101 Final Exam Study Guide - Organic Molecules
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Questions and Answers

What type of genetic condition is characterized by being an autosomal dominant trait?

  • Cystic Fibrosis
  • Marfan's (correct)
  • Tay Sachs
  • Hemophilia
  • Which of these genetic conditions is classified as an autosomal recessive disorder?

  • Achondroplasia
  • Cystic Fibrosis (correct)
  • Polydactyly
  • Marfan's
  • Which outcome of a test cross would indicate that the tall parent corn plant is heterozygous?

  • The ratio of tall to short offspring is 1:1. (correct)
  • All offspring are tall.
  • All offspring are short.
  • The ratio of tall to short offspring is 3:1.
  • Which term best describes the phenomenon where one gene influences multiple traits in individuals?

    <p>Pleiotropy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pedigrees would be consistent with an X-linked recessive pattern of inheritance?

    <p>Shaded symbols in males but not appearing in their daughters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct characteristic of cancer cells when compared to normal cells?

    <p>Uncontrolled growth and division.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?

    <p>Prophase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cellular content is primarily assessed during the different stages of the cell cycle?

    <p>DNA replication and damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes pair up?

    <p>Prophase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event is the basis for Mendel's law of independent assortment?

    <p>Alignment of tetrads at the equator in metaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percent of a population will be heterozygous carriers for cystic fibrosis in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with a recessive allele frequency of 0.6?

    <p>36%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected phenotype ratio from a cross between a black fur, short tail (BbTt) mouse and a homozygous black, long tail (BBtt) mouse?

    <p>3 Black, 3 Brown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If two individuals with type AB blood reproduce, what is the probability of having a child with blood type O?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a cross between a black Labrador retriever (BbEe) and a chocolate Lab (bbEe), what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring?

    <p>8 Black, 4 Chocolate, 4 Yellow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chance that sons of a male with hemophilia and a heterozygous spouse will have hemophilia?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase does DNA content in a diploid cell reach 4N?

    <p>G2 phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of receptor tyrosine kinase activation?

    <p>Dimerization and auto-phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the DNA content of a diploid cell in G1 phase is $x$, what is its DNA content at metaphase of meiosis I?

    <p>4x</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event occurs immediately after nuclear envelope breakdown during mitosis?

    <p>Spindle fiber formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT typically associated with cancer cells?

    <p>Density-dependent inhibition of growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?

    <p>Homologous chromosomes separate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a plant with a diploid chromosome number of $2n=46$, how many pairs of homologous chromosomes are present just after entering Meiosis II?

    <p>23</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be concluded about a woman with two Barr bodies in her karyotype?

    <p>She has triple X syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which stage of meiosis do cells first become haploid?

    <p>Telophase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    K101 Final Exam Study Guide

    • The final exam will consist of 90 questions.
    • 50 questions are worth 2 points each.
    • 40 questions are worth 1 point each.
    • A total of 140 points.
    • Students are encouraged to work in teams to determine the correct answers.

    Unit 1: The Chemistry of Life -> Ch. 4 – Organic Molecules

    • Water molecule bonds: Polar covalent bonds connect hydrogen to oxygen.

    • Stanley Miller's 1953 experiments: Demonstrated the abiotic synthesis of organic molecules under early Earth conditions.

    • Four elements of life (carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen): Have the same number of valence electrons and are essential to life.

    • Functional groups: Specific groups of atoms with characteristic chemical reactions.

    • Examples of functional groups and their descriptions are provided in the document.

    Ch. 5 - Macromolecules

    • Fatty acid modifications for solid triglycerides at warmer temperatures: Adding hydrogen atoms and trans double bonds.

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    Prepare for the K101 final exam with this comprehensive study guide that covers essential concepts from Unit 1 and Chapters 4 and 5. Topics include the chemistry of life, functional groups, and macromolecules crucial for understanding organic chemistry. Collaborate with peers to enhance your understanding and tackle the final exam confidently.

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