Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What is the term for a compound characterized by an -OH group?
Which of the following describes a compound with the functional group -CHO?
What do we call a hydrocarbon with only single bonds?
Identify the compound that contains a carbon-carbon double bond.
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What is the name of a compound that contains a halogen atom?
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Which functional group is indicated by a triple bond between carbons?
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Identify the functional group characterized by the structure RCONH2.
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Which functional group contains a nitrogen atom bonded to two carbon atoms?
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What do we call a compound that has a cyclic structure with alternating double bonds?
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Identify the compound characterized by the functional group -COOH.
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Which functional group contains a carbon atom bonded to an oxygen atom by a double bond and also to an alkyl group?
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What is the name of the compound that contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms?
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Identify the functional group characterized by a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.
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Study Notes
Organic Chemistry Functional Groups
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Alcohol: Contains one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached to a saturated carbon atom. Commonly used in beverages and solvents.
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Aldehyde: Characterized by a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to at least one hydrogen atom. Found in various compounds, including formaldehyde, and is important in organic synthesis.
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Alkane: A hydrocarbon with only single bonds, following the general formula CnH2n+2. Examples include methane and propane, known for being saturated and non-reactive compared to other hydrocarbons.
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Alkene: Features at least one carbon-carbon double bond (C=C), following the formula CnH2n. Commonly used in the production of plastics and synthetic rubbers.
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Halide: Contains a carbon atom bonded to one or more halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, I). These compounds are widely used in pharmaceuticals and as solvents.
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Alkyne: Contains at least one carbon-carbon triple bond (C≡C), following the formula CnH2n-2. Commonly found in industrial applications, like welding gases.
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Amide: Formed from the reaction of carboxylic acids with amines, featuring a carbonyl group bonded to a nitrogen atom. Important in peptide bond formation in proteins.
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Amine: Derivatives of ammonia with one or more hydrogen atoms replaced by alkyl or aryl groups. These compounds can act as bases and are important in biological molecules.
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Aromatic Compound: Contains one or more aromatic rings characterized by cyclic structure and resonance. Notable examples include benzene, known for stability and unique reactivity.
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Carboxylic Acid: Contains a carboxyl group (-COOH) which includes a carbonyl (C=O) and hydroxyl (OH). Commonly found in organic acids like acetic acid and crucial in biological systems.
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Ester: Formed from the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. Characterized by the -COO- group and commonly present in fats and oils, contributing to their flavors and fragrances.
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Ether: Contains an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups. Known for being relatively unreactive and commonly used as solvents in organic reactions.
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Ketone: Contains a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms, located within a carbon chain. Examples include acetone, used widely as a solvent and nail polish remover.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge of key functional groups in organic chemistry with these flashcards. Each card presents a term along with its definition, helping you reinforce your understanding of alcohols, aldehydes, alkanes, and more. Ideal for students preparing for exams or anyone looking to master organic chemistry concepts.
