Questions and Answers
What does a staffing management plan describe?
When and how people will be added to and taken off the project team.
What is a resource histogram?
A column chart that shows the number of resources assigned to a project over time.
Acquiring qualified people for teams is unimportant.
False
What are some recruitment incentives mentioned?
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What is resource loading?
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What does overallocation mean?
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What is the main purpose of resource leveling?
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Which of the following are stages of team development?
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What is MBTI used for?
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What are the five dysfunctions of a team according to Patrick Lencioni?
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Why is conflict sometimes beneficial?
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Groupthink is beneficial for teams.
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What are project managers advised to do regarding their teams?
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What processes are included in project human resource management?
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What is the importance of good human resource management in projects?
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Define project human resource management.
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What are the key areas psychologists and management theorists focus on in project management?
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What is intrinsic motivation?
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According to Maslow, people's behaviors are guided by a hierarchy of _____ .
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Match motivational factors with their description:
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True or False: The number one strategy by businesses to handle understaffing is to offer more training.
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What is emotional intelligence?
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What is the PMI Talent Triangle?
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What do Theory X and Theory Y represent in management?
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True or False: Project managers should heavily rely on authority for team success.
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Study Notes
Importance of Human Resource Management in IT Projects
- Effective human resource management is crucial for project success, influencing overall organizational performance.
- The global IT workforce shows a consistent demand for skilled workers, with a projected ICT spending growth to nearly $5 trillion by 2020.
- PMI predicts a need for 15.7 million project management jobs from 2010 to 2020.
Project Human Resource Management Processes
- Involves planning, acquiring, developing, and managing the project team.
- Planning requires outlining roles, responsibilities, and reporting structures.
- Acquiring the team involves recruiting and assigning personnel.
- Developing the team focuses on enhancing individual and group skills.
- Managing the team tracks performance and resolves issues effectively.
Theories of Motivation and Team Effectiveness
- Intrinsic motivation drives individuals to engage in activities for personal satisfaction, while extrinsic motivation is driven by external rewards.
- Maslow’s hierarchy of needs outlines that behaviors are motivated by a sequence of needs.
- Herzberg’s theory distinguishes between motivators (achievement, recognition) that create job satisfaction and hygiene factors (salary, supervision) that prevent dissatisfaction.
Skills Gaps and Workforce Challenges
- A 2014 CompTIA report highlights a significant skills gap in the IT workforce, with 68% of firms facing recruitment challenges.
- 58% of businesses express concerns regarding the quality of available IT talent.
- Organizations often manage understaffing by requiring existing workers to increase their hours.
Leadership and Theories of Power
- Leadership requires adaptability; Daniel Goleman identifies six leadership styles (visionary, coaching, etc.) that can be employed according to the situation.
- Power types include coercive, legitimate, expert, reward, and referent, each affecting team dynamics differently.
- Projects tend to succeed with influence based on expertise and work challenge, while failing with reliance on authority and penalties.
Tools for Team Development
- Strategies for team development include training, team-building activities, and implementing reward systems.
- Project management software aids in tracking team performance and resource allocations efficiently.
Human Resource Planning Techniques
- A responsibility assignment matrix (RAM) maps project tasks to assigned personnel, clarifying roles and expectations.
- Resource histograms visualize resource availability and workloads over project timelines.
- Staffing management plans dictate when and how team members will join or leave the project.
Emotional Intelligence in Leadership
- Emotional intelligence (EI) encompasses understanding and managing one's own emotions, as well as empathizing with others.
- 71% of U.S. hiring managers prioritize EI over IQ when evaluating candidates.
- Effective communication depends on establishing rapport, which can be fostered through empathic listening and mirroring techniques.
Future Workforce Trends
- Companies are redefining work hours and incentives to attract talent, emphasizing benefits such as telecommuting options.
- The reduction in computer science program enrollments signals a looming talent shortage in IT, necessitating proactive recruitment and retention strategies.
Conclusion
- Solid human resource management directly contributes to project success, aligning workforce capabilities with project needs and adapting to evolving industry demands.
- Understanding motivational theories, leadership styles, and resource management tools is crucial for effective project team management.
Workforce Trends and Hiring Practices
- By 2010, a significant portion of workers were over the age of 50, indicating a shift in the workforce demographics.
- CIO's researchers recommend that organizations reevaluate hiring practices and incentives to attract and retain IT talent.
Best Places to Work
- Fortune Magazine annually publishes the "100 Best Companies to Work For," with Google recognized as the top employer for six years in 2015.
- Working Mothers Magazine highlights companies excelling in benefits for working families.
- The Sunday Times ranks the 100 Best Companies to Work For in the UK, serving as a benchmark for employer best practices.
Resource Management
- Resource loading assesses the quantity of individual resources required over specific periods in a project schedule.
- Overallocation occurs when more resources are assigned to tasks than are available.
Resource Leveling
- A technique used to resolve resource conflicts by delaying some tasks to ensure a balanced distribution of resource usage.
- Helps in reducing overallocation, limiting management intensity, and promoting smoother operations.
Team Development
- Focuses on enhancing collaborative performance within teams, recognizing that teamwork is essential for project success.
- Stages of team development include Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning.
Team Training and Building Activities
- Training fosters self-awareness and team dynamics, improving interpersonal relationships and group performance.
- Team building activities may include physical challenges and psychological assessments like the MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator).
Personality Assessments
- MBTI classifies individuals based on four dimensions: Extrovert/Introvert, Sensation/Intuition, Thinking/Feeling, Judgment/Perception.
- IT professionals often differ from the general population, particularly in being less extroverted and sensing.
Conflict Resolution Methods
- Confrontation, compromise, smoothing, forcing, withdrawal, and collaborating are different strategies for managing conflict within teams.
- Task-related conflict can enhance performance, whereas emotional conflict tends to lower team effectiveness.
Dysfunctional Team Dynamics
- Patrick Lencioni identifies five dysfunctions of teams: absence of trust, fear of conflict, lack of commitment, avoidance of accountability, and inattention to results.
- Recognizing these dysfunctions can help teams become more effective.
Team Management Strategies
- Project managers should foster patience, conduct effective meetings, and support team building.
- Limiting team sizes to three to seven members promotes cohesiveness and better communication.
Enhancing Team Identity and Morale
- Organizing social activities encourages relationship building among team members and stakeholders.
- Nurturing a supportive environment helps members collaborate effectively, especially in virtual teams.
Tools for Resource Management
- Project management software aids in creating Responsibility Assignment Matrices (RAMS) and resource histograms.
- Key features include resource allocation, identifying shortages, and leveling resources.
Effective Project Human Resource Management
- Treat team members with respect, understand their motivations, and communicate effectively to facilitate peak performance.
- Essential human resource management processes include planning, acquiring, developing, and managing project teams.
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Description
This quiz explores the significance of effective human resource management in Information Technology projects. It delves into project human resource management processes, the current global IT workforce scenario, and essential motivational theories that impact team management. Understanding these concepts is crucial for future project success.
