28 Questions
Internet ________ in IoT includes LAN and Edge Router
Infrastructure
_______ Endpoint in IoT Architecture includes Sensors, Actuators, Aggregators, and Nodes
An
IoT ________ Model
Data Network
Cloud ________ in IoT includes Analysis, Storage, Management, and Provisioning
Services
Some examples of IoT ________ technologies are Bluetooth, ZigBee, Z-wave, NFC, RFID, WiFi, PLC, and Cellular Phone
Communication
NB-IoT is a type of ________ radio technology
LPWAN
The cellular network includes ________ such as 1,2,3,4,5 G
Generations
NB-IoT uses ________ modulation for downlink communication and SC-FDMA for uplink communication
OFDM
NB-IoT has an ______ alternative to LoRa-WAN for long range.
great
NB-IoT is used in ______ metering, which is a type of application.
smart
LoRa has a range of ______ Km in dense urban areas.
2-5
One of the challenges of NB-IoT is ______ mobility.
device
SigFox has a ______ topology, which means it only has one hop.
one-hop star
The WiFi can operate in two modes: ______________ and Ad-hoc Mode.
Infrastructure NW
SigFox has a range of ______ to 10 Km in urban areas.
3 to
In ______________ Mode, there is no direct connection and only AP.
Infrastructure NW
Z-Wave is suitable for control and sensor ______________ applications.
applications
Z-Wave operates in the unlicensed industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) ______________.
band
In Ad-hoc ______________, there is direct connection and multi-hop.
Mode
The range of Z-Wave is about ______________ meters indoors and 100 meters outdoors.
30
The ______ technology has a rate of 250kb/s - 2.4 GHz.
ZigBee
The ______ technology is used for near-field communication.
NFC
The ______ technology uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects.
RFID
The ______ technology has a data rate of 2 Mb/s.
Bluetooth
The ______ technology is used for carrying of data on a conductor that is also used simultaneously for AC.
PLC
The ______ technology has a range of 10 to 20 m.
ZigBee
The ______ technology is suitable for Industrial sector and uses Mesh NW.
ZigBee
The ______ technology uses a frequency of 13.56 MHz unlicensed band.
NFC
Study Notes
IoT Communication
- IoT Communication involves various architectures, including Endpoint, Infrastructure, Internet Infrastructure, Cloud, and Client.
IoT Architecture
- Endpoint Architecture consists of Nodes, Sensors, Actuators, and Aggregators.
- Infrastructure Architecture consists of Routers and Gateways.
- Internet Infrastructure includes LAN and Edge Router.
- Cloud Architecture includes Analysis, Storage, Management, and Provisioning.
- Client Architecture involves End-user applications.
IoT Communication Technologies
- Bluetooth is a wireless personal area network (PAN) technology.
- ZigBee is a low-power, low-cost, and low-bandwidth technology.
- Z-Wave is a low-energy, mesh network technology suitable for control and sensor applications.
- NFC (Near Field Communication) is a short-range, high-frequency technology used for data exchange.
- RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is a technology used for automatic object identification and tracking.
- WiFi is a wireless networking technology used for Internet Infrastructure.
- Cellular Network is a wireless network used for wide-range communication.
- LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) is a technology used for low-power, wide-area communication.
- NB-IoT (Narrowband Internet of Things) is a LPWAN technology used for low-power, wide-area communication.
- LoRa (Long Range) is a LPWAN technology used for low-power, wide-area communication.
- SigFox is a LPWAN technology used for low-power, wide-area communication.
NB-IoT
- NB-IoT uses OFDM modulation for downlink communication and SC-FDMA for uplink communication.
- NB-IoT has a single narrowband up to 200 kHz.
- NB-IoT is suitable for indoor coverage, low cost, and extended battery life.
- NB-IoT has challenges such as device mobility, data transmission, and roaming.
LoRa
- LoRa is a low-power, wide-area technology with a range of 2-5 km in dense urban and 15 km in suburban areas.
- LoRa has bi-directional communication, end-to-end security, mobility, and localization services.
- LoRa has a rate of 0.3Kbit/s to 50Kbit/s per channel.
SigFox
- SigFox is a low-power, wide-area technology with a range of 30-50 km in rural and 3-10 km in urban areas.
- SigFox has a rate of 10-1000 bps.
- SigFox has a bandwidth of 200 kHz.
WiFi
- WiFi has two modes: Infrastructure NW Mode and Ad-hoc Mode.
- Infrastructure NW Mode has a single hop, no direct connection, and only AP.
- Ad-hoc Mode has no AP, direct connection, and multi-hop.
PAN
- PAN includes ZigBee, Bluetooth, RFID, and NFC.
- PAN is used for personal area networking.
Z-Wave
- Z-Wave is a low-energy, mesh network technology suitable for control and sensor applications.
- Z-Wave has a data rate of up to 100 kbit/s.
- Z-Wave has a range of 200 meters line of sight outdoors and 50 meters line of sight indoors.
ZigBee
- ZigBee is a low-power, low-cost, and low-bandwidth technology.
- ZigBee has a rate of 250 kb/s - 2.4 GHz and 20-40 kb/s - 868/915 MHz.
- ZigBee has a range of 10-20 meters.
- ZigBee is used for industrial sector and mesh network.
Bluetooth
- Bluetooth is a wireless personal area network (PAN) technology.
- Bluetooth has a range of 10 meters.
- Bluetooth has a rate of 2 Mb/s.
- Bluetooth has a frequency of 2.4 GHz.
NFC
- NFC is a short-range, high-frequency technology used for data exchange.
- NFC has a range of 4 cm.
- NFC has a data rate of 106-848 kbit/s.
- NFC has a frequency of 13.56 MHz.
RFID
- RFID is a technology used for automatic object identification and tracking.
- RFID uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects.
- RFID has an active initiator device and a passive target device.
- RFID has a reader and a tag.
PLC
- PLC is a technology used for carrying data on a conductor that is also used simultaneously for AC.
- PLC is used for indoor PLC.
This quiz covers the basics of IoT communication, including data models, network architecture, and infrastructure components. It tests your understanding of IoT devices, sensors, and connectivity.
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