Introduction to Respiratory System Anatomy and Function
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Questions and Answers

Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange?

  • Pharynx
  • Nose
  • Bronchioles
  • Alveolar sacs (correct)
  • What is the main function of the epiglottis in the respiratory system?

  • Production of vocal sounds
  • Gas exchange
  • Preventing food from entering the trachea (correct)
  • Filtering inhaled air
  • Where does the intake of O2 for delivery to body cells occur in the respiratory system?

  • Larynx
  • Bronchi
  • Alveolar ducts (correct)
  • Nose
  • What is the function of the conducting zone in the respiratory system?

    <p>Inhalable dust filtration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the respiratory system contains receptors for the sense of smell?

    <p>Nose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of goblet cells in the respiratory system?

    <p>Producing a sticky liquid called mucous to trap unwanted particles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the epithelial lining of the terminal bronchioles in the respiratory system?

    <p>Simple cuboidal epithelium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cilia in the lower respiratory tract?

    <p>Sweeping mucous towards the throat to be swallowed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of alveoli in the respiratory system?

    <p>To facilitate gas exchange (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cartilage rings in the trachea of the respiratory system?

    <p>To provide support and prevent collapse of the trachea during pressure changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of asthma?

    <p>Spontaneous narrowing of the airways (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT listed as influencing the development of asthma?

    <p>High-altitude living (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the typical symptoms of asthma?

    <p>Wheezing and breathlessness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main causes of airway narrowing in asthma?

    <p>Smooth muscle contraction and tissue fibrosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are involved in mediating the pathophysiology of asthma?

    <p>Eosinophils and T-cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mast cells in the allergic response?

    <p>Releasing inflammatory mediators in response to allergen binding to IgE (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes in the allergic response?

    <p>Producing IgE antibodies against the allergen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of histamine acting at H1 receptors?

    <p>Causing bronchoconstriction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of eosinophils in asthma?

    <p>Contributing to tissue remodelling and increased mucous production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when an allergen binds to IgE on the surface of mast cells?

    <p>Release of inflammatory mediators by mast cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Alveolar sacs

    Parts of the respiratory system where gas exchange occurs.

    Epiglottis

    A flap that prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing.

    Alveolar ducts

    The location where oxygen intake occurs in the respiratory system.

    Conducting zone

    Part of the respiratory system responsible for filtering inhalable dust.

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    Nose

    The part of the respiratory system that contains receptors for smell.

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    Goblet cells

    Cells that produce mucous to trap unwanted particles in the respiratory system.

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    Simple cuboidal epithelium

    Epithelial lining of terminal bronchioles in the respiratory system.

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    Cilia

    Small hair-like structures that sweep mucous towards the throat in the lower respiratory tract.

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    Alveoli

    Tiny sacs in the lungs that facilitate gas exchange.

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    Cartilage rings

    Structurals in the trachea that prevent its collapse during pressure changes.

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    Asthma

    A condition characterized by spontaneous narrowing of the airways.

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    Asthma symptoms

    Common symptoms of asthma include wheezing and breathlessness.

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    Airway narrowing causes

    Smooth muscle contraction and tissue fibrosis are two causes of airway narrowing in asthma.

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    Eosinophils and T-cells

    Cells that mediate airway inflammation in asthma.

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    Mast cells

    Cells that release inflammatory mediators upon allergen binding to IgE.

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    T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes

    Cells that produce IgE antibodies against allergens.

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    Histamine at H1 receptors

    Causes bronchoconstriction when it acts on its receptors.

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    Eosinophils role in asthma

    Contribute to tissue remodeling and increased mucous production in asthma.

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    Allergen binding to IgE

    Resulting in the release of inflammatory mediators by mast cells.

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