Introduction to Respiratory System Anatomy and Function

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Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange?

Pharynx

Nose

Bronchioles

Alveolar sacs (correct)

What is the main function of the epiglottis in the respiratory system?

Production of vocal sounds

Gas exchange

Preventing food from entering the trachea (correct)

Filtering inhaled air

Where does the intake of O2 for delivery to body cells occur in the respiratory system?

Larynx

Bronchi

Alveolar ducts (correct)

Nose

What is the function of the conducting zone in the respiratory system?

Inhalable dust filtration Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the respiratory system contains receptors for the sense of smell?

Nose Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of goblet cells in the respiratory system?

Producing a sticky liquid called mucous to trap unwanted particles Signup and view all the answers

What is the epithelial lining of the terminal bronchioles in the respiratory system?

Simple cuboidal epithelium Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cilia in the lower respiratory tract?

Sweeping mucous towards the throat to be swallowed Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of alveoli in the respiratory system?

To facilitate gas exchange Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cartilage rings in the trachea of the respiratory system?

To provide support and prevent collapse of the trachea during pressure changes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of asthma?

Spontaneous narrowing of the airways Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT listed as influencing the development of asthma?

High-altitude living Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical symptoms of asthma?

Wheezing and breathlessness Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main causes of airway narrowing in asthma?

Smooth muscle contraction and tissue fibrosis Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are involved in mediating the pathophysiology of asthma?

Eosinophils and T-cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mast cells in the allergic response?

Releasing inflammatory mediators in response to allergen binding to IgE Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes in the allergic response?

Producing IgE antibodies against the allergen Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of histamine acting at H1 receptors?

Causing bronchoconstriction Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of eosinophils in asthma?

Contributing to tissue remodelling and increased mucous production Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an allergen binds to IgE on the surface of mast cells?

Release of inflammatory mediators by mast cells Signup and view all the answers