Introduction to Political Science Concepts
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a one-party system?

  • Coalitions are necessary to govern
  • Only one legal political party exists (correct)
  • Multiple parties compete for power
  • Power alternates between two dominant parties

Legitimacy in political science refers to the ability to influence decisions.

False (B)

What is defined as a sovereign entity with a population, government, defined borders, and international recognition?

State

The principle of ______ asserts that each state governs its territory without external interference.

<p>State Sovereignty</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their definitions:

<p>Power = Ability to influence decisions Authority = Legitimate use of power Justice = Fair treatment under laws Political Culture = Collective beliefs and values regarding politics</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Fragile State Index measure?

<p>A state's vulnerability to collapse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The public sphere is a personal, non-governmental domain.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of political parties based on their participation in government effectiveness?

<p>Majority and Minority parties</p> Signup and view all the answers

The concept of ______ refers to the tools and methods used to convey political ideas.

<p>Political Communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a multi-party system?

<p>Many parties compete for power, often requiring coalitions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary focus of left-wing parties?

<p>Government intervention and social justice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Migrant individuals are always forced to leave their home country due to persecution.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name two factors that influence political socialization.

<p>Family, Education</p> Signup and view all the answers

A __________ is someone who is forced to flee their country due to conflict or persecution.

<p>refugee</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following pros and cons of migration to their respective categories:

<p>Economic boost from remittances = Pros of Sending Countries Pressure on public services = Cons of Host Countries Loss of skilled workers = Cons of Sending Countries Addresses labor shortages = Pros of Host Countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one con of migration for host countries?

<p>Challenges to social cohesion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Political events have no impact on political socialization.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common issue faced by sending countries due to migration?

<p>Brain drain</p> Signup and view all the answers

Political marketing involves __________, which focuses on managing campaigns and voter engagement.

<p>campaign management</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT typically influence political socialization?

<p>Superstitions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a fragile state?

<p>High risk of internal collapse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The United Nations was established in 1945 to promote war and conflict.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one political ideology that advocates for government ownership of the means of production.

<p>Socialism</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ of government is characterized by power held by a hereditary ruler.

<p>Monarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following historical periods with their defining characteristics:

<p>Ancient = End of the Roman Empire Medieval = Fall of Rome to the Renaissance Renaissance = Cultural rebirth Enlightenment = Age of Reason</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three primary orientations of terrorism?

<p>Political, religious, ideological (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a republic, government power is concentrated in one individual.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the legislative branch of government?

<p>Creates laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

A __________ is a political and legal entity with defined borders and sovereignty.

<p>State</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region has the highest frequency of terrorist attacks?

<p>Middle East (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Interdisciplinary Study

Using multiple fields (like sociology, history, and economics) to study politics.

Political Science

The study of government, political actions, structures, and institutions.

Political Power

The ability to influence decisions and actions.

State Sovereignty

A state's supreme authority within its own territory with no external interference.

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Political Party

A group working to win elections, shape policies, and gain power.

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Majority/Minority Parties

Majority parties rule; minorities oppose or provide alternative views.

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Party Systems

The structure of political parties within a country, such as one-party, two-party, or multi-party systems.

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Political Culture

A society's shared values, beliefs, and norms related to politics (e.g., democratic vs. authoritarian).

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State

An organized political entity with sovereignty, territory, population, and governing institutions.

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Fragile State Index

Measures how vulnerable a state is to collapse based on security, public services, and political stability.

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Failed State

A state where the government has lost control and legitimacy.

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Fragile State

A state at high risk of internal collapse, like civil unrest.

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Terrorism Orientation

Motivations behind terrorist actions (political, religious, ideological).

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Political Terrorism

Using terrorism to achieve political goals like independence.

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Comparative Politics

Study of different political systems across countries.

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Political Science Discipline

Historical study of governance, established in the 1800s.

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Enlightenment Thinkers

Philosophers like Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu, and Voltaire.

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Executive Branch

Part of the govt that enforces laws.

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UN Establishment

Organization formed to promote global peace and cooperation in 1945.

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Right-Wing

Political ideologies emphasizing tradition, limited government, free markets, and national security.

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Left-Wing

Political ideologies focusing on equality, social justice, wealth redistribution, and government intervention in the economy.

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Political Socialization

The process of acquiring political values, beliefs, and attitudes.

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Family's Role in Socialization

The primary source of political values and initial understanding of government.

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Education's Influence on Socialization

Exposure to civic values, historical events, and democratic principles.

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Peer Influence in Socialization

Reinforcing or challenging existing political views through social interaction.

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Media's Role in Socialization

Framing political discourse and shaping public opinion.

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Migrant

A person who moves voluntarily for reasons like work, education, or family.

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Refugee

A person forced to flee their homeland due to conflict, persecution, or disasters.

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Remittances

Money sent by migrant workers to their home countries, contributing to their economies.

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Study Notes

Definitions

  • Interdisciplinary: Combines multiple disciplines (e.g., sociology, history, economics) to study political systems and behaviors.
  • Political Science: The study of governance systems, political actions, structures, and institutions.

Basic Political Concepts

  • Power: Ability to influence decisions.
  • Authority: Legitimate use of power.
  • Sovereignty: Supreme authority within a territory.
  • Legitimacy: Accepted right to govern.
  • Justice: Fair treatment under laws.

Concept of State

  • Sovereign entity with a population, government, defined borders, and international recognition.

Political Party

  • Groups organized to influence policies and gain political power, contesting elections.

Party Systems

  • One-party: Only one legal political party.
  • Two-party: Power alternates between two dominant parties.
  • Multi-party: Many parties compete, requiring coalitions to govern.

Political Culture

  • Collective beliefs, values, and norms regarding politics in a society (e.g., democratic vs. authoritarian cultures).

Political Communication

  • Tools and methods (media, speeches, debates) used to convey political ideas and mobilize support.

Public/Private Sphere

  • Public Sphere: Societal participation (e.g., government, public debate).
  • Private Sphere: Personal, non-governmental domains (e.g., family, businesses).

Westphalia (1648)

  • A series of treaties ending the Thirty Years' War.
  • Key principles: state sovereignty, non-intervention.

Fragile State Index

  • Measures a state's vulnerability to collapse based on indicators like security, public services, and political stability.
  • Categories include weak, fragile, and failed states.

Terrorism Orientations

  • Political: Attaining political goals (e.g., separatism).
  • Religious: Motivated by spiritual beliefs (e.g., jihadist groups).
  • Ideological: Driven by specific ideologies (e.g., communism, fascism).

Subfields of Political Science

  • Comparative politics
  • International relations
  • Political theory
  • Public administration
  • Public policy

Historical Periods of Universal Political Thinking

  • Ancient: ~3000 BCE – 476 CE (End of the Roman Empire).

Political Ideologies

  • Conservatism
  • Liberalism
  • Socialism
  • Nationalism
  • Fascism
  • Anarchism

UN Establishment

  • Founded in 1945 to promote international peace and cooperation.

Forms of Government

  • Monarchy: Power held by a hereditary ruler.
  • Republic: Government led by elected representatives.
  • Autocracy: Absolute power concentrated in one individual.

State vs. Nation

  • State: Political and legal entity with defined borders and sovereignty.
  • Nation: Cultural and social identity shared by a group of people.

Long Answer Topics

  • Difference Between Right and Left-Wing Parties: Right-wing emphasizes tradition, limited government intervention, and national security; left-wing prioritizes equality, wealth redistribution, and government intervention in the economy.
  • Types of Environments Influencing Political Socialization: Includes family, education, peers, media, religion, culture, workplace, and political events.
  • Political Marketing Subfields: Includes campaign management, voter analysis, communication strategy, media relations, branding, issue framing, and message targeting.

Migrant vs. Refugee

  • Migrant: Voluntary movement for economic, educational, or personal reasons.
  • Refugee: Forced displacement due to conflict, persecution, or disasters.

Pros and Cons of Migration (Sending and Host Countries)

  • Sending Countries: Economic benefits (remittances), population relief, but brain drain, dependence on remittances, and family disruption are also aspects.
  • Host Countries: Benefits like addressing labor demands, economic growth, and diverse cultures, however there are possible pressures on public services, integration challenges, and potential economic competition.

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Description

Explore the foundational concepts of political science, including power, authority, sovereignty, and legitimacy. This quiz also covers the structure of states, political parties, and various party systems. Test your understanding of how these elements shape political culture.

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