Introduction to Mental Functioning

A symptom is a subjective experience reported by the patient, while a sign is an objective finding observed by the nurse.

The three spheres are Cognition, Affect, and Behavior.

Flight of ideas.

<p>Pressure of speech refers to forceful, rapid, and loud speech that increases in amount and is difficult to interrupt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loosening associations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blocking is the sudden cessation of thought in the middle of a sentence, where the individual cannot recall what they were going to say.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poverty of speech indicates a restriction in the amount of speech used, often resulting in monosyllabic replies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Word salad' refers to an incoherent mixture of words and phrases that lack logical connection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two cognitive functions are Memory and Perception.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neologism is the creation of new words or phrases that have special meaning for the individual.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A delusion is a false belief strongly held despite contradictory evidence, while an obsession is an intrusive, unwanted thought that causes anxiety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Echolalia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preservation is the pathological repetition of the same response to different stimuli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disturbance of insight refers to a patient's impaired awareness of their own mental health condition and its implications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An irrelevant answer is one that does not align with the question asked.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clang association is the meaningless rhyming of words without logical connection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abstract thinking involves the ability to conceptualize ideas and understand implicit meanings behind sentences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concrete thinking is the inability to understand implicit meanings, using only literal interpretations. For example, interpreting 'people who live in glass houses should not throw stones' as merely not throwing stones to avoid breaking windows.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Autistic thinking is egocentric and focuses on an individual's inner world, often seen in young children and those unable to generalize.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tangentiality refers to a communication style where the speaker strays from the main topic, introducing unrelated ideas and failing to convey the central idea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Circumstantiality involves providing excessive detail before arriving at the main point, while tangentiality fails to reach the main point altogether.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are typical developmental stages that reflect the early association and understanding of thoughts in children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive detail may indicate a lack of prioritization in thought and a potential struggle to clearly communicate key points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patients with concrete thinking struggle to understand idiomatic expressions or abstract concepts, leading to misinterpretation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A delusion of grandeur is the false fixed belief that one is a very powerful and important person. For example, someone might believe they are known in all universes as the smartest person.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A delusion of persecution involves the false belief that one is being harassed or persecuted by others. An example is believing that others are poisoning their food through telepathy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A delusion of reference entails the false belief that the behavior of others is specifically referring to oneself. It might manifest as someone believing that people on television are talking directly about them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An erotomaniac delusion is the false belief that a high-status or famous person is in love with the individual. This can lead to inappropriate behaviors and fantasies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A litigious delusion is a pathological tendency to take legal action due to imagined mistreatment. It may provoke behaviors such as writing numerous complaints to authorities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thought broadcasting is the delusion that one's thoughts can be heard by others, as if they were broadcast into the air. This can lead to significant anxiety and social withdrawal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nihilistic delusions involve the false feeling that oneself or the world is nonexistent or coming to an end. This can lead to severe despair and a lack of motivation to engage in life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The delusion of self-blame is the false fixed belief that a person is full of sins and unfit to live. It often results in feelings of worthlessness and deep depression.</p> Signup and view all the answers