Introduction to Human Nutrition Lecture 1 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of nutrient?

Minerals

Macronutrients

Micronutrients

Vitamins (correct)

What is the acceptable distribution range for protein intake according to the text?

10-35% (correct)

25-35%

45-65%

5-15%

Which of the following is NOT a reason why the body needs nutrients according to the text?

Reduce the risk of some diseases (correct)

Help you grow

Repair itself

Fuel your energy

What is the acceptable distribution range for fat intake according to the text?

25-35% Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main energy-yielding nutrients?

Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the acceptable distribution range for carbohydrate intake according to the text?

45-65% Signup and view all the answers

What are the six essential nutrients?

Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of food?

To provide energy and nutrients for growth and repair Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a food group?

Junk food Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nurse in nutrition promotion?

Educate patients on healthy eating habits Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the nutrition care process?

To identify nutritional deficiencies and develop a plan of care Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the body mass index (BMI)?

BMI = weight (kg) / height (m)^2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of Basal Metabolism?

The amount of energy needed to maintain essential physiologic functions when a person is at complete rest. Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves Screening, Assessment, Monitoring, Evaluation, and Diagnosis?

Nutrition care process Signup and view all the answers

What type of data is obtained from a 24-Hour Recall or Diet History?

Subjective Data Signup and view all the answers

Which formula is used to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI)?

$weight (kg) / [height (m)]^2$ Signup and view all the answers

What does Nutrition Intervention involve in the Nursing Process?

Intervening to address nutritional problems Signup and view all the answers

Which measurement is part of Objective Data assessment for nutrition?

Skinfold Measurement Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT one of the five processes involved in the body's use of nutrients?

Regulation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the digestion process according to the passage?

Assimilation Signup and view all the answers

What does the passage state is the process by which the end products of digestion pass into the blood or lymph systems?

Absorption Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as a component of nutrition assessment of an individual?

Sensory evaluation Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following sciences is NOT related to nutrition?

Sociology Signup and view all the answers

What is the body mass index (BMI) calculation used in the example?

Weight in kg / (Height in m)^2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects nutritional needs during the life cycle?

Food preferences Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a primary and secondary nutritional disease?

Primary is caused by nutrition, secondary is a complication of another disease. Signup and view all the answers

What are the stages in the development of nutrient deficiencies mentioned in the text?

Overt and covert Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to the safety of food?

Nutrient content Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between enteral and parenteral nutrition?

Enteral is through the GI tract, parenteral is intravenous. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nutrition: The science that deals with the processing and utilization of nutrients by living organisms
Nutrients: Chemical substances obtained from foods used in the body to provide energy, structure materials, regulating agents to support growth, maintenance, repair of body's tissues and may also reduce the risks of some diseases
Food: Products derived from plants or animals that can be taken into the body to yield energy and nutrients for maintenance of life, for growth and repair tissues
Dietetics: The application of nutritional science to the development of practical programs for the prevention and treatment of disease
Nutritional status: The condition of the body in terms of the availability of nutrients
Diet requirement: The amount of nutrients required by the body for optimal health
Adequate diet: A diet that provides all the necessary nutrients for optimal health
Junk food: Foods that are high in calories but low in essential nutrients
Empty calories: Calories that provide energy but lack essential nutrients
Malnutrition: A state of poor nutrition that can lead to health problems
Nutritional care: The provision of nutrition advice and treatment to individuals or groups

6 Essential Nutrients

Carbohydrates: Main source of energy for the body
Protein: Builds and repairs body tissues
Fats: Provides energy and helps absorb vitamins
Vitamins: Essential for various bodily functions
Minerals: Required for various bodily functions
Water: Essential for bodily functions and hydration

Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition assessment: Evaluation of an individual's nutritional status
Nutrition diagnosis: Identification of nutrition-related problems
Nutrition intervention: Development of a plan to address nutrition-related problems
Nutrition monitoring and evaluation: Ongoing assessment of an individual's nutritional status and response to intervention

Physiology of Nutrition

Ingestion: The taking of food into the digestive tract
Digestion: The mechanical and chemical processes that convert nutrients into a physically absorbable state
Absorption: The process by which the end products of digestion pass through the small and large intestines into the blood or lymph systems
Metabolism: The body's conversion of nutrients into energy
Excretion: The process of eliminating or removing waste products from the body

Nutrition Assessment

Anthropometric data: Height and weight measurements
Biochemical data: Laboratory tests
Clinical assessment: Medical history, family history, socioeconomic status, and drug use
Dietary assessment: Evaluation of an individual's eating habits
Physical examination: Assessment of an individual's overall health

Body Mass Index (BMI)

A measure of body fat based on height and weight
BMI calculation formula: weight (kg) / [height (m)]2

Nutritional Needs During the Life Cycle

Affected by: nutritional status, height and weight, meal and snack patterns, food allergies, physical activity, cultural and family influences, and use of vitamin/mineral supplements

Nutritional Diseases

Primary nutritional disease: A disease caused by a lack of essential nutrients
Secondary nutritional disease: A disease caused by a complication of another disease or condition

Food Safety

Depends on proper storage, sanitation, and cooking
Food allergies: An immune system reaction to a food substance, usually a protein

Diet Therapy

The treatment of a disease or disorder with a special diet
Dietary prescriptions include: nothing by mouth (NPO), standard diets, and special diets

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Description

Test your knowledge on the essentials covered in Lecture 1 of Introduction to Human Nutrition. Questions cover defining nutrition, essential nutrients, nurse's role in nutrition promotion, nutrition care process, BMI calculation, and nutritional needs during the life cycle.