Lec 1 IT
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Lec 1 IT

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Which of the following is NOT a primary operation of a computer?

  • Output
  • Reflection (correct)
  • Input
  • Processing

    • The final exam accounts for 40% of the overall assessment.

    True

    Name one example of a type of computer and its use.

    Laptop - used for mobile computing and office tasks.

    The six basic types of computers include personal computers, servers, ______, workstations, mainframes, and supercomputers.

    <p>embedded systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following computer components with their functions:

    <p>Input = Movements and instructions from the user Output = Information presented to the user Processing = Data manipulation and computation Storage = Saving data for future use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of software?

    <p>To instruct the computer on tasks to perform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Internet, computers, and people are all identified using the same method.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List two societal impacts of computers.

    <p>Increased communication efficiency and risk of cyber security threats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a computer?

    <p>Accept data, perform operations, and store data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Data is the processed form of information.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the first-generation computers known for their large size and use of vacuum tubes.

    <p>ENIAC and UNIVAC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of converting data into information is called ______.

    <p>Information Processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following generations of computers with their characteristics:

    <p>First-generation = Used vacuum tubes Second-generation = Used transistors Third-generation = Used integrated circuits Fourth-generation = Featured microprocessors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What operation is primarily involved in presenting the results from a computer?

    <p>Output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The invention of the microprocessor marked the beginning of the third generation of computers.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were used for input and storage in second-generation computers?

    <p>Punch cards and magnetic tape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms describes the concept of computers being seamlessly integrated into everyday life?

    <p>Pervasive computing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Before 1980, computers were widely accessible to the general public.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one common task that computers are used for in today's households.

    <p>Exchanging e-mail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nearly _____% of US households have a computer or mobile phone.

    <p>90</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following computer uses with their corresponding contexts:

    <p>Decision making = On the job Shopping = In the home Education = In schools Gaming = For entertainment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major advancement in computing occurred in the early 1980s?

    <p>Launch of inexpensive personal computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Smart appliances are traditional appliances with no built-in computer technology.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does BYOD stand for in educational contexts?

    <p>Bring Your Own Device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Computers are essential tools for _____, productivity, and communication in the workplace.

    <p>decision-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the aspect of life with the computing technology involved:

    <p>Consumer kiosks = On-the-go computing ATM transactions = Banking Self-checkout systems = Retail GPS systems = Navigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is associated with the fifth generation of computers?

    <p>Based on artificial intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    External hardware is located inside the system unit of the computer.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What device performs calculations and controls a computer's operation?

    <p>Central Processing Unit (CPU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ are used to store data on or access data from storage media.

    <p>Storage devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of hardware with their functions:

    <p>Input Devices = Perform calculations Output Devices = Present results to the user Storage Devices = Store data Communications Devices = Allow user communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a type of software?

    <p>CPU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Without an operating system (OS), a computer can still function properly.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary usage of a modem in computer networking?

    <p>To connect to the Internet or communicate with other devices over a network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tasks can be performed by application software?

    <p>Creating letters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A dialog box appears to provide information to the user when it's required.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of software is primarily used to edit photographs?

    <p>Multimedia programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Speakers are an example of a(n) _____________ device.

    <p>output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not considered a computer professional?

    <p>End users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the software type to its function:

    <p>Word processing programs = Creating letters and documents Web browsers = Viewing web pages E-mail programs = Exchanging emails Multimedia programs = Editing photos and videos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    IBM PC was a first-generation computer.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one task that a systems analyst performs.

    <p>Designing computer systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Computers

    • Computers have become pervasive and ubiquitous in our lives, making computer literacy essential.
    • Prior to the 1980s, computers were large, expensive, and primarily used for high-volume processing tasks.
    • The introduction of inexpensive personal computers in the early 1980s significantly increased computer use.
    • Today, nearly 90% of US households have a computer or mobile phone, and most individuals use computers on the job.

    Computers in the Home

    • Computers are used for a variety of tasks in the home, including looking up information, exchanging email, shopping, paying bills, watching videos, downloading media, organizing photos, playing games, and making travel plans.
    • Wireless networking enables computers to be used in almost any location within the home.
    • Smart appliances and smart homes integrate computer technology into household tasks, allowing for monitoring and control.

    Computers in Education

    • Computers are integral to education, with computer labs and classrooms providing student access.
    • Some schools use e-books and integrate them into their curriculum.
    • Wireless hotspots are prevalent in colleges and universities with many requiring computer access for enrollment, either through supplied devices or "Bring Your Own Device" (BYOD) policies.
    • Distance learning allows students to participate in classes remotely, using computers and internet access.

    Computers on the Job

    • Computers serve as essential tools for decision-making, productivity, and communication in the workplace, employed by a diverse range of employees.
    • Common uses include decision-making, productivity enhancements, off-site communication, and user authentication for security measures.

    Computers on the Go

    • Computers are encountered in nearly every aspect of daily life, from consumer kiosks and ATMs to point-of-sale systems, self-checkout systems, and consumer authentication.
    • Portable computers and mobile devices are increasingly prevalent, along with GPS systems.

    Technology and You

    • Restaurant iPad ordering systems streamline the ordering process and provide customers with access to additional information through e-menus.

    What Is a Computer and What Does It Do?

    • A computer is a programmable, electronic device that accepts data, performs operations on it, stores the data, and follows instructions called programs.
    • The basic operations of a computer include input, processing, output, storage, and communication.
    • Data is raw, unorganized facts, while information is processed data that holds meaning.

    Computers Then and Now

    • The history of computers is often categorized into generations, each marked by significant technological advancements.
    • Early computers, such as the abacus, slide rule, and mechanical calculator, laid the foundation for modern computing.
    • First-generation computers, such as the ENIAC and UNIVAC, were large, used vacuum tubes, and consumed a lot of electricity.
    • Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in second-generation computers, resulting in smaller, more powerful, and more energy-efficient machines.
    • Integrated circuits (ICs) further miniaturized and improved computers in the third generation.
    • The development of the microprocessor in 1971 ushered in the fourth generation, characterized by keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer, hard drives, flash memory, and optical discs.
    • Fifth-generation computers are still in their early stages and may be based on artificial intelligence (AI), utilizing voice and touch input, optical computing, and nanotechnology.

    Hardware

    • Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer.
    • Internal hardware resides within the system unit, while external hardware connects to the computer via wired or wireless connections.

    Input Devices

    • Input devices enable entering data into the computer, such as keyboards, mice, scanners, cameras, microphones, touchpads, touchscreens, and fingerprint readers.

    Processing Devices

    • Processing devices perform calculations and control the computer's operations.
    • The central processing unit (CPU) and memory are the primary components of processing.

    Output Devices

    • Output devices present the results of processing to the user, including monitors, printers, speakers, projectors, etc.

    Storage Devices

    • Storage devices store data or access it from storage media, such as hard drives, CD/DVD discs, USB flash drives, etc.

    Communications Devices

    • Communications devices allow users to communicate with others and access remote information electronically.
    • Examples include modems, network adapters, and routers.

    Software

    • Software comprises the programs and instructions that tell the computer hardware what to do.

    System Software

    • System software, such as the operating system (OS), manages the operation of the computer.
    • The OS boots the computer, launches programs, and utilizes a graphical user interface (GUI) for user interaction.
    • Examples of operating systems include Windows, Mac OS, Linux, and Android.

    Application Software

    • Application software performs specific tasks or applications.
    • Examples include word processing programs, multimedia programs, web browsers, and email programs.

    Computer Users and Professionals

    • Computer users, also known as end users, interact with computers to obtain information.
    • Computer professionals specialize in various areas, including:
      • Systems analysts who design computer systems.
      • Programmers who write computer programs.
      • Computer operations personnel who manage day-to-day computer operations.
      • Security specialists who safeguard computers and networks from hackers.

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    Related Documents

    Information Technology Lecture GEN 001 PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the evolution and integration of computers in daily life, from large machines of the past to personal devices in homes and education today. Discover how computer literacy has become a necessity as technology advances and permeates various aspects of our lives.

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