Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of packet switches in a network?
All connected computing devices are considered hosts in Internet architecture.
True
What term describes the rate at which data can be transmitted in a network?
bandwidth
A collection of devices, routers, and links managed by an organization is known as a ____.
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Match the following Internet-connected devices with their primary features:
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Which of these is not considered a part of Edge Computing?
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Fiber, copper, and radio are types of communication links in a network.
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What is the role of routers in a network?
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Which of the following principles of security ensures that users are who they claim to be?
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Encryption is primarily used for integrity checks in network security.
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What protocol was defined in 1983 for name-to-IP-address translation?
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The first operational ARPAnet node became active in _____ (year).
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Match the following networking concepts with their definitions:
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Which network architecture principle emphasizes decentralized control?
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TCP congestion control was defined in the 1990s.
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What significant service was lifted from restrictions in the early 1990s, allowing for commercial use?
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By 2017, there were approximately _____ billion devices attached to the Internet.
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Which term describes the early rapid growth of broadband home access post-2005?
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What does ISP stand for in the context of internet connectivity?
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4G is a type of Ethernet technology.
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Name one protocol used for streaming video online.
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The Internet is often described as a '_________ of networks'.
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Which of the following is NOT a core internet protocol?
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Match the terms with their descriptions:
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Edge computing enables data processing closer to the source of data generation.
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What organization is responsible for developing the standards for the Internet?
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Study Notes
Internet Overview
- The Internet functions as a "network of networks," consisting of billions of connected devices.
- Hosts, or end systems, run applications at the Internet's edge.
- Packet switches, including routers and switches, forward packets to facilitate communication.
Network Structure
- Types of networks include mobile networks, local or regional ISPs, national or global ISPs, home networks, and enterprise networks.
- Communication links utilize various mediums: fiber, copper, radio, and satellite.
- Bandwidth determines transmission rates.
Network Edge Devices
- A range of devices connect to the Internet, including:
- Smart appliances like Internet refrigerators and web-enabled toasters.
- Wearable technology such as Fitbits and pacemakers.
- Home entertainment systems like Slingbox.
- Security devices like cameras and sensorized beds.
- Gaming devices and mobile phones.
Internet Protocols
- Protocols are standards that govern communication over the Internet, including TCP, IP, HTTP, WiFi, and 4G.
- The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) manages Internet standards through Requests for Comments (RFCs).
Internet Security Measures
- Authentication methods verify user identities; cellular networks provide hardware identity via SIM cards.
- Confidentiality is maintained through encryption, while digital signatures ensure data integrity.
- Firewalls filter packets to protect against unauthorized access and prevent attacks.
History of the Internet
-
1961-1972: Early Developments
- 1961: Packet-switching principles demonstrated by Kleinrock.
- 1969: ARPAnet launches with the first operational node.
-
1972-1980: Building Interconnected Networks
- 1970: ALOHAnet starts using satellite communication.
- 1974: Cerf and Kahn establish key principles for internetworking.
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1980-1990: Popularization of Protocols
- 1983: TCP/IP becomes standard protocol.
- 1985: FTP protocol is defined; consolidation of networks occurs.
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1990-2000s: Commercialization and Web Development
- Early 1990s: NSF lifts commercial restrictions on the Internet.
- 1991: Emergence of the World Wide Web, with HTML and HTTP protocols.
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2005-present: Advances and Growth
- Broadband becomes widespread; mobile network advancements with 4G/5G.
- Cloud services emerge, improving access to applications and content.
- By 2017 approximately 18 billion devices were connected to the Internet.
Chapter Summary Highlights
- Covered extensive foundational knowledge about Internet functionality, structure, protocols, security, and historical context.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of the Internet, including its network structure and edge devices. This quiz covers the types of networks, communication links, and the various devices that connect to the Internet. Perfect for anyone interested in the technology that connects our world.
