International Relations - Class 1 Introduction
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What is the primary concept behind idealism and reformism in international relations?

  • Undermining the role of international institutions
  • Prioritizing military power over diplomacy
  • The establishment of multiple governments worldwide
  • The idea of a single global government (correct)

    • Present-day institutional liberals maintain which of the following views regarding international institutions?

  • They undermine the sovereignty of powerful states
  • Their presence alone is sufficient for qualitative transformation
  • They facilitate cooperation, but cannot ensure it on their own (correct)
  • They guarantee complete cooperation among nations

    • What distinguishes international organizations from international regimes?

  • International organizations do not have norms or rules
  • International organizations are temporary structures without rules
  • International organizations act in multiple issue areas, while regimes are limited to one (correct)
  • International organizations are issue-specific while regimes are not

    • Which of the following best describes the essence of utopian liberalism?

    <p>Optimistic perspectives contrasting realism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do international institutions play in facilitating cooperation among nations?

    <p>They provide frameworks that encourage collaboration but do not enforce it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of transforming power politics according to the idealist perspective?

    <p>To replace it with principle-based governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might powerful nations resist cooperation in international systems?

    <p>They prefer to act unilaterally for national interests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors do present-day institutional liberals believe are crucial for meaningful cooperation?

    <p>The presence of international institutions along with state willingness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of international actors according to the content?

    <p>Entities that engage in trans-boundary relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about transnational relations is true?

    <p>Transnational relations can include interactions between non-state actors and states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is NOT typically classified as a non-state actor?

    <p>Local governmental agencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of non-state actors in international relations?

    <p>They have the capability to influence state behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the category of hybrid actors?

    <p>They are private actors that work for public good.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a major group of non-state actors mentioned?

    <p>Environmental organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might NGOs be unhappy with being classified as non-state actors?

    <p>They want to gain more recognition and rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which definition fits non-state actors within the context of international relations?

    <p>Organizations capable of influencing the international system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of international regimes in international relations?

    <p>To establish implicit and explicit norms and rules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which article of the UN Charter emphasizes the maintenance of international peace and security?

    <p>Article 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory suggests that democratic nations are less likely to go to war with each other?

    <p>Democratic peace theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major historical events initiated the first wave of democratic peace theory?

    <p>The French and American revolutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of absolute gains imply in international relations?

    <p>States focus solely on their own success irrespective of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant pattern has Michael Doyle observed regarding the relationship between democracies and interstate wars?

    <p>The expansion of democracies is inversely related to interstate wars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the discussion surrounding the National Security Council highlight?

    <p>It may not represent the global population adequately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What illustrates the idea of relative gains in an economic context?

    <p>One country prefers to grow modestly to ensure others do not outpace it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major criticism against the concept of democratic peace theory?

    <p>It has been refuted by historical wars between democracies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a central point regarding cooperation among states as mentioned in the context of barriers to communication?

    <p>Information barriers can hinder cooperation despite common interests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant global trend began in the 1970s regarding democracies?

    <p>A third wave of democratization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle does the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) primarily focus on?

    <p>Banning the spread of nuclear weapons to non-nuclear states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is responsible for supervising the implementation of the Non-Proliferation Treaty?

    <p>International Atomic Energy Agency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does horizontal proliferation address according to the Non-Proliferation Treaty?

    <p>The prevention of nuclear weapons reaching states that do not possess them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does imitation play a role in state interactions in international relations?

    <p>States are influenced by others' actions, leading to similar behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What outcome was decided upon during the conference held in May 1995 regarding the Non-Proliferation Treaty?

    <p>To extend the treaty indefinitely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to neo-liberals, what best explains why states may choose to cooperate?

    <p>Non-cooperation often leads to free rider issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do international regimes and organizations play according to neo-liberal perspectives?

    <p>They serve to facilitate the creation of absolute gains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do states often hesitate to cooperate, as noted by neo-liberal theorists?

    <p>A lack of trust and insufficient information leads to suspicion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does cooperation affect the predictability of state behavior in international relations?

    <p>It reduces the chances of miscalculation among states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What outcome does cooperation lead to in terms of state security?

    <p>It significantly enhances security for participant states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism allows states to have positive expectations from repeated cooperation?

    <p>Reputation builds through successful interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do neo-liberals believe is a core characteristic of effective international regimes?

    <p>They create absolute gains rather than relative gains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a non-governmental organization (NGO) according to the UN?

    <p>It operates independently of governmental authority.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describes a major distinction between NGOs and international organizations?

    <p>International organizations primarily consist of states as actors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can NGOs contribute to political legitimacy in international relations?

    <p>By functioning as proxies of citizens and facilitating communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which perspective emphasizes the interdependence among societies and the role of non-state actors in international policy processes?

    <p>Transnationalism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the emergence of new NGOs as indicated in the content?

    <p>It reflects the growing need for political representation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Ramsey Muir, what is a key characteristic of the current global era?

    <p>A high degree of interdependence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the UN's definition of NGOs imply about their profit motives?

    <p>NGOs must operate on a non-profit basis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Leonard Woolf argues against which notion regarding states?

    <p>All states operate in isolation from each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    International Relations - Class 1 Introduction

    • Actors in international relations are unclear; state leaders, governments, regional organizations, transnational firms. The answer is dependent on the theory.
    • International relations are about conflicts, peace, economy, and values.
    • International relations are about explaining how they work.
    • Understanding and explaining are sufficient—no need to ask "so what?"—to understand or explain the issue.
    • Predictions, advice (normative aspect), and purpose of international relations are needed.
    • In the beginning, international relations scholars mostly agreed on the key concepts; however, since then there has been no consensus.

    The Great Debates

    • Idealists vs. realists (1930-1950): debated whether states act for their own benefit or for collective good.
    • Traditionalists vs. behavioralists (1940-1960): focused on transitioning from a philosophical view to one based on research.
    • Classical theories vs. Marxist theories and transnationalism (1970-1990): emphasized perspectives beyond traditional state-centric theories.

    Overview and Definition of IR

    • Small IR: covers many transnational domains (e.g., issues that cannot be handled by one state).
    • Contemporary IR: relations beyond state control (whatever the nature or actor).

    Definition of the State

    • Territory: inviolable, delimited by borders, a focus of conflict.
    • Population: people living in particular territory and under state authority.
    • Government: a subject of political struggles (today, a legitimate government is not regulated by a political-legitimacy criteria but today, it is the UN charter).
    • Authority: the right to make decisions and enforce them.
    • Autonomy: the ability to function without interference from other states or entities.
    • Equality: each state has equal legal standing as another state; sovereignty is the principle of international relations.

    How did international relations emerge?

    • Centralization of power (medieval to modern)
    • Political centralization of power within a geographical area.

    Sovereignty

    • Final and absolute authority (within a political community).
    • Supreme authority (no higher authority), independence, and indivisible.

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    International Relations Synthèse PDF

    Description

    This quiz provides an overview of the key concepts and debates in international relations. It covers the various actors involved, the nature of conflicts and peace, as well as differing theoretical perspectives from idealism to realism. Test your understanding of how international relations scholars define and analyze their field.

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