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Questions and Answers
What percentage of ID cases have moderate intellectual disability?
What percentage of ID cases have moderate intellectual disability?
What is the IQ range for severe intellectual disability?
What is the IQ range for severe intellectual disability?
What type of therapy is NOT mentioned in the management of intellectual disability?
What type of therapy is NOT mentioned in the management of intellectual disability?
What is a role of parents in helping children with intellectual disability?
What is a role of parents in helping children with intellectual disability?
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What is a benefit of getting the child involved in group activities?
What is a benefit of getting the child involved in group activities?
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Why is it important for parents to stay involved with the child's teachers?
Why is it important for parents to stay involved with the child's teachers?
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What is a characteristic of moderate intellectual disability?
What is a characteristic of moderate intellectual disability?
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What is NOT a type of support required for individuals with severe intellectual disability?
What is NOT a type of support required for individuals with severe intellectual disability?
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What is a benefit of parents getting to know other parents of intellectually disabled children?
What is a benefit of parents getting to know other parents of intellectually disabled children?
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What is an important aspect of parenting a child with intellectual disability?
What is an important aspect of parenting a child with intellectual disability?
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Study Notes
Intellectual Disability in Children
- Intellectual disability describes below-average IQ and a lack of skills needed for daily living.
- Intellectual disability used to be called "mental retardation."
Diagnosis of Intellectual Disability
- Diagnosis is done by assessing both intellectual functioning (IQ) and adaptive behaviors.
- IQ is measured by an IQ test, with an average IQ of 100; a person is considered intellectually disabled if they have an IQ of less than 70 to 75.
- Adaptive behaviors are measured by observing skills such as feeding, dressing, communication, and interaction with others.
Causes of Intellectual Disability
- Genetic conditions, such as Fragile X syndrome, are a common cause of inherited intellectual disability.
- Fetal alcohol syndrome is a condition caused by alcohol exposure during pregnancy.
- Down Syndrome is caused by an extra chromosome or an extra piece of a chromosome (chromosome 21).
- Problems during pregnancy, such as drug abuse, malnutrition, or infections, can interfere with fetal brain development.
- Problems during childbirth, such as oxygen deprivation or prematurity, can cause intellectual disability.
- Illness or injury, such as meningitis, rubella, or severe head injury, can also cause intellectual disability.
- Shaken baby syndrome is a serious brain injury resulting from forcefully shaking an infant or toddler.
Signs and Symptoms of Intellectual Disability in Children
- Mild intellectual disability: IQ range of 50 to 69, 85% of ID cases, able to live independently with minimal support.
- Moderate intellectual disability: IQ range of 36 to 49, occur in 10% of ID cases, able to live independently with moderate support.
- Severe intellectual disability: IQ range of 20 to 35, occur in 3.5% of ID cases, requires regular supervision for safety and daily self-care assistance.
Management of Intellectual Disability in Children
- Early intervention programs include speech therapy, occupational therapy, physical therapy, family counseling, and training with special assistive devices.
Parents' Role in Helping Children with Intellectual Disability
- Learn everything regarding the child's condition.
- Encourage child's independence and provide guidance when needed.
- Provide positive feedback when the child does something well or masters something new.
- Get the child involved in group activities to build social skills.
- Stay involved with the child's teachers to follow progress and reinforce learning at home.
- Connect with other parents of intellectually disabled children for advice and emotional support.
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Description
This quiz covers the causes, diagnosis, signs, and symptoms of intellectual disability in children, as well as its management and the role of parents in helping children with intellectual disability.
