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Questions and Answers
What is the outer covering of the human body also known as?
What is the thicker layer in the palms and soles of the feet?
What is the term for the direction of the rows of collagen in the skin?
What is the type of fascia that surrounds individual muscles?
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What is the largest organ of the human body?
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What is the term for the deeper connective tissue layer of the skin?
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What is the main function of the body cavities?
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Which region of the body includes the head, neck, and trunk?
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Which of the following body systems is responsible for protecting the body from external damage?
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What is the term for the cavities that contain the heart and lungs?
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How many main regions is the human body divided into?
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What is the term used to describe a paired structure having right and left members?
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Which type of movement involves raising or moving a part superiorly?
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What is the term used to describe a collection of cells performing a specific function?
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What is the term used to describe an association of different tissues performing a specific function?
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What is the term used to describe the movement of the thumb across the palm of the hand to another digit pad?
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What is the term used to describe the movement of the 1st digit from the position of opposition back to its anatomical position?
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Study Notes
Integumentary System
- The skin, also known as the cutaneous membrane, is the outer covering of the human body and is the largest organ.
- The integumentary system consists of the skin and its derivatives, including nails, hair, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands.
Skin Structure
- The skin is composed of a superficial cellular layer (epidermis) and a deeper connective tissue layer (dermis).
- Skin thickness varies in different parts of the body and is thinner in women than in men.
- The epidermis is thicker in the palms and sole of the feet, while the dermis is thicker on the posterior aspect of the body than anteriorly.
Langer's Lines
- Langer's lines, also known as lines of cleavage, refer to the direction of the rows of collagen in the skin.
- These lines tend to run longitudinally in the limbs and circumferentially in the neck and trunk.
- Incisions parallel to these lines tend to heal with lesser scar formation.
Fasciae
- There are two types of fasciae: superficial and deep.
- Deep fascia includes intermuscular septa, retinacula, bursae, aponeurosis, tendon, tendon sheath, and synovial membrane.
Body Regions
- The human body is partitioned into two main regions: axial and appendicular.
- The axial region includes the head, neck, and trunk, while the appendicular region includes the limbs or appendages.
Body Cavities
- Body cavities are internal chambers that hold vital organs and protect them.
- There are two main body cavities: dorsal and ventral.
- The dorsal body cavity includes the cranial cavity and spinal cavity, while the ventral body cavity includes the thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity.
Thoracic Cavities
- The thoracic cavity contains the heart and lungs.
Terms of Laterality
- Bilateral refers to paired structures having right and left members, such as the kidneys.
- Unilateral refers to structures occurring on one side only, such as the spleen.
Terms of Movement
- Elevation refers to raising or moving a part superiorly.
- Depression refers to lowering or moving a part inferiorly.
- Opposition refers to the movement of the thumb across the palm of the hand to meet another digit pad.
- Reposition refers to the movement of the 1st digit from a position of opposition back to its anatomical position.
Basic Organization of the Body
- A collection of cells of similar morphology performing a specific function is termed tissue.
- There are four basic tissues: epithelium, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue.
Organs and Systems
- An association of different tissues performing a specific function is called an organ.
- A group of organs working harmoniously to discharge a specific function forms a system.
- The human body is composed of several systems, including the integumentary, skeletal, circulatory, digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive, nervous, muscular, endocrine, and lymphatic systems.
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Description
Learn about the integumentary system, which includes the skin, nails, hair, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands. Discover the structure and function of the skin, the largest organ of the human body.
