Integrative Healthcare and Patient Education
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Questions and Answers

What main focus does integrative healthcare have in treating patients?

  • Addressing underlying causes of illness (correct)
  • Preventing diseases through vaccinations
  • Managing symptoms exclusively with medication
  • Emphasizing traditional surgical methods

Which of the following is NOT considered a category of integrative care?

  • Natural products
  • Pharmaceutical therapies (correct)
  • Mind-body-spirit interventions
  • Energy therapies

What is health literacy primarily concerned with?

  • Understanding complex medical jargon
  • Following strict dietary guidelines
  • Participating in clinical trials
  • Accessing and communicating health information (correct)

Which of the following is a nursing-accessible approach to integrative care?

<p>Massage therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following challenges is NOT mentioned in the current healthcare challenges?

<p>Healthcare technology advancements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of Canadians struggle to understand and act upon health information independently?

<p>60% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing digital health literacy?

<p>Marital status (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a component of the teaching process that enhances learning?

<p>Immediate feedback (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is likely to score significantly lower in digital health literacy?

<p>Adults aged 65 and older (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nurses in patient education?

<p>Serve as the primary source of health information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the cognitive domain of learning NOT include?

<p>Characterization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of Canadians find it challenging to determine when to seek a second medical opinion?

<p>54% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is effective for enhancing the teaching and learning process?

<p>Spacing out material presentation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of physical growth during development?

<p>It involves quantitative measurements like height and weight. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key focus area for toddlers aged 12-36 months?

<p>Object permanence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which developmental stage do individuals primarily focus on intimacy versus isolation?

<p>Young adulthood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents an environmental factor that influences development?

<p>Nutrition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what stage of Piaget's cognitive development do children start to develop abstract thinking?

<p>Formal Operations stage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which health risk is particularly associated with infants?

<p>SIDS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important principle of hospital care for children?

<p>Fostering a family-centered approach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which teaching method involves interactive scenarios to facilitate learning?

<p>Role playing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development is characterized by adherence to social norms and laws?

<p>Conventional (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of health literacy assessment tools like the Newest Vital Sign (NVS)?

<p>To assess a patient's understanding of nutrition labels. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Erikson’s Eight Stages of Life, what is the conflict faced in the first stage?

<p>Trust vs. Mistrust (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a learning barrier that could affect patient education?

<p>Sensory alterations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Developmental patterns typically progress in which manner?

<p>From simple to complex. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key focus of psychosocial development in young adulthood?

<p>Family development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During middle adulthood, what change is significantly associated with woman’s health?

<p>Menopause (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary health care emphasis for older adults?

<p>Prevention and promotion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is a major health risk during young adulthood?

<p>Substance abuse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of older adulthood, what is meant by 'sandwich generation'?

<p>Caring for children and aging parents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During middle adulthood, what is often disrupted due to changing family dynamics?

<p>Self-concept (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What developmental task is commonly faced by older adults?

<p>Adjusting to health changes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception faced by older adults in healthcare?

<p>They are not capable of independent living (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is NOT commonly included in the category of physiological changes?

<p>High Blood Pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of population health strategies?

<p>Improve health of entire populations while reducing health inequities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key element of community health nursing?

<p>Primary health care principles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which population is considered a high-priority group for culturally competent care?

<p>Indigenous Peoples (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant focus of planetary health?

<p>The relationship between human health and natural systems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle is foundational to achieving health equity?

<p>Ensuring treatment is according to diverse needs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the concept of cultural competence?

<p>Effective interaction across different cultures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does therapeutic communication primarily aim to enhance?

<p>Patient-staff rapport and understanding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy is critical for addressing high-risk behaviors in healthcare?

<p>Harm reduction strategies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes cognitive changes in health conditions?

<p>Significant and prolonged impact on daily functioning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Supportive Care

Provides long-term care services for patients with chronic or progressive conditions, including palliative and respite care.

Integrative Care

Combines conventional medicine with complementary and alternative approaches to address the root causes of illness.

Health Literacy

The ability to understand and use health information to make informed healthcare decisions.

What is a key challenge facing healthcare today?

Sustainability is a major challenge for healthcare systems, balancing quality care with cost-effectiveness.

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How can nurses contribute to the future of healthcare?

Nurses can advance the future of healthcare by taking on leadership roles, developing innovative solutions and engaging in health policy development.

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Teaching Approach: Telling

The instructor presents information directly to the learner without active participation or feedback.

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Teaching Approach: Selling

The instructor attempts to persuade the learner to adopt a specific viewpoint or behavior.

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Teaching Approach: Participating

The instructor encourages learner engagement through activities, discussions, and questioning.

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Teaching Approach: Entrusting

The instructor provides learners with autonomy and responsibility to manage their own learning.

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Teaching Approach: Reinforcing

The instructor provides positive feedback and rewards to strengthen desired behaviors and learning.

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What are the main categories of influencing factors on development?

Genetic/Natural Factors, Environmental Factors, and Interacting Factors.

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Piaget's Stage: Sensorimotor

The first stage of cognitive development (0-2 years) where infants learn through sensory experiences and develop object permanence.

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Erikson's Stage: Trust vs. Mistrust

The first stage of psychosocial development (0-1 year) where infants learn to trust their caregivers or develop mistrust.

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Erikson's Stages

Eight stages of psychosocial development describing challenges and growth across the lifespan.

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Preconventional Morality

The first stage of moral development, characterized by obedience to rules and avoiding punishment.

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Object Permanence

The understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen.

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Artificialism

The belief that all objects are created by humans.

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Animism

The belief that inanimate objects have feelings and thoughts.

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Digital Health Literacy

The skills needed to search, judge, and use online health information.

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Geographic Location and Digital Health Literacy

People in rural areas often have lower digital health literacy compared to urban residents due to factors like internet access and resource availability.

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Role of Nurses in Patient Education

Nurses act as primary sources of health information, clarifying information from doctors and other healthcare providers to ensure patients make informed decisions.

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Cognitive Domain of Learning

This domain focuses on understanding concepts, applying knowledge, and solving problems.

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Affective Domain of Learning

This domain focuses on values, attitudes, and beliefs, like developing empathy and understanding.

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Psychomotor Domain of Learning

This domain focuses on developing physical skills and coordination.

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Teaching Environment Considerations

These are factors that influence how effective learning can be, like the physical setting and social interactions.

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Recency and Primacy Effects

Learners tend to remember information presented at the beginning and end of a lesson better.

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Young Adulthood

The developmental stage spanning from late teens to late 30s, characterized by growth completion, improved critical thinking, and focus on career choices.

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Key Psychosocial Areas in Young Adulthood

Areas of significant development during young adulthood include: gender roles, career, sexuality, and gender identity.

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Health Risks in Young Adulthood

Common health risks for young adults include lifestyle choices (like diet and exercise), computer use, accidents, and substance abuse.

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Middle Adulthood

The developmental stage between mid-30s to mid-60s, marked by physiological changes and increased responsibilities, often referred to as the 'sandwich generation.'

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Perimenopause and Menopause

Physiological changes experienced by women in middle adulthood, characterized by hormonal shifts and potentially impacting self-concept and body image.

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Health Focus in Middle Adulthood

Key health concerns for middle-aged individuals include stress management, wellness maintenance, obesity prevention, and mental health.

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Categories of Older Adulthood

Older adulthood is divided into categories: youngest old (65-74), old (75-84), and oldest old (85+).

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Developmental Tasks in Older Adulthood

Key tasks for older adults include adapting to health changes, adjusting to retirement, coping with spouse loss, maintaining relationships with adult children, and preserving quality of life.

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Pathological changes

Alterations in body tissues and functions caused by disease, often leading to symptoms or complications. Common examples include cancer, heart disease, and respiratory conditions.

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Physiological changes

Alterations in the normal functioning of body systems as a person ages. These can affect the integumentary (skin), respiratory, and cardiovascular systems. Changes impact daily activities, cognitive function, and lead to conditions like delirium, dementia, and depression.

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Population health

Focuses on improving the health of entire populations while reducing health inequities. It emphasizes social justice, equity, and collaboration to address health determinants.

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Community health nursing

A branch of nursing encompassing public health, home health, mental health, street health, and more. It uses primary health care principles to empower individuals and communities to improve their well-being.

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High-priority populations

Groups facing health inequities and disparities, including those living in poverty, homeless individuals, people with chronic conditions, Indigenous peoples, new immigrants, and 2SLGBTQIA+ communities. They require culturally competent and trauma-informed care.

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Global health framework

Aims for optimal wellbeing of all humans. It utilizes the Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals to measure progress and reduce health disparities.

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Planetary health

Focuses on the interconnectedness of human health and natural systems. It emphasizes environmental sustainability and considers the 'One Health' approach, where human, plant, and animal health are linked.

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Cultural competence

The ability to interact effectively across different cultures, understanding beliefs, behaviors, and values. It emphasizes respect, sensitivity, and awareness.

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Cultural safety

Focuses on power redistribution in relationships between healthcare providers and patients from diverse backgrounds. It emphasizes respect and empowerment.

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Indigenous health

Focuses on the health of Indigenous peoples who face historical and ongoing challenges due to colonialism, cultural genocide, and structural racism. It emphasizes culturally appropriate and holistic healthcare.

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Study Notes

Medicare and Core Principles

  • Medicare is a fundamental part of Canada's social safety net, funding hospital and medical insurance through general taxation
  • The Canada Health Act (1984) established key principles: public administration, comprehensiveness, universality, portability, and accessibility

Governance Structure

  • Federal Government Role: Sets national principles, finances services for specific groups (Indigenous, veterans, etc.), and develops national health policies.
  • Provincial/Territorial Government Role: Manages and funds health care services, determines hospital locations, and reimburses physician and hospital costs.
  • Professional Jurisdiction: Health professions are largely self-regulated, with their own standards, competencies, ethics and disciplinary actions.

Primary Health Care

  • Forms the foundation of Canada's healthcare system.
  • Four main pillars: Teams, Access, Information, and Healthy Living.

Healthcare Delivery Settings

  • Institutional Sector: Hospitals, Long-term care facilities, Psychiatric facilities, and Rehabilitation centres.
  • Community Sector: Public health, Physician offices, Community health centres, Home care, Hospice and palliative care, and Parish nursing.

Five Levels of Care

  • Health Promotion: Enables control over health improvement.

Disease and Injury Prevention

  • Focuses on reducing risk factors and includes immunization and behavioral/environmental strategies.

Diagnosis and Treatment

  • Primary Care (First Contact): Initial assessment and treatment.
  • Secondary Care (Specialized): More specialized medical services are provided.
  • Tertiary Care (Complex): Addresses complex health issues typically requiring specialized expertise

Rehabilitation

  • Aims to improve quality of life after illness or injury and includes Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, and Respiratory Therapy.

Supportive Care

  • Provides long-term care for those with chronic conditions, including palliative and respite care.

Current Healthcare Challenges

  • Sustainability, Political Economy of Health (financing), Climate Change, Primary Health Care spending, Healthcare Planning and Delivery, Human Resources, and Aging Population.

Integrative Care

  • Combines conventional medicine with complementary/alternative approaches to address the underlying causes of illness instead of just the symptoms.
  • Inclusive of Natural products, Mind-body-spirit interventions, Manipulative and body-based methods, Energy therapies and Whole systems (Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ayurveda, naturopathy).
  • Nursing-Accessible Approaches: Relaxation therapy, Meditation and breathing, Imagery visualization, Massage therapy.

Patient Education

  • Role of Nurses: Primary source of health information, clarification for other healthcare providers and facilitates decision-making, increasingly important with shorter hospital stays.
  • Basic Learning Principles: Learning Environment Considerations, Ability to Learn Factors (emotional, intellectual, physical capabilities, developmental stage). Teaching Process Components (Association and imitation, Motivation and spacing of material, Recency and primacy effects, Prompt feedback, and Application in various contexts).
  • Domains of Learning: Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor domains.
  • Implementation Strategies (Teaching Approaches: Telling, Selling, Participating, Entrusting, Reinforcing and one-on-one discussion, group instruction, demonstrations, role-playing and simulation).
  • Learning Barriers: Illiteracy, health literacy challenges, sensory alterations, language barriers, and cultural diversity.
  • Evaluation: Assess patient learning, measure performance against expected outcomes, document progress and adjust teaching methods as needed.
  • Health Literacy Assessment Tools: The Newest Vital Sign(NVS) (available in English and Spanish), Three-minute administration time, and helps providers adapt communication to patient literacy levels.

Growth and Development (Module 10 & 11)

  • Human growth and development are continuous and intricate processes based on timing and sequence
  • Typical patterns help understand, prevent, and detect changes
  • Influencing Factors: Genetic, environmental, and interacting factors
  • Developmental Theories: Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development (Four stages: Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, and Formal Operational).
  • Developmental Periods: Infancy, Toddler, Preschooler, School-Age, Adolescence, and Early Adulthood
  • Health Considerations and Risks: Physical, cognitive, psychosocial, and emotional development, factors like identity, family, and societal expectations.

Population Health, Global Health, and Cultural Safety

  • Focus on improving health of whole populations while reducing inequities.
  • Based on social justice, equity, and mutual trust
  • Collaboration between stakeholders and participation in policies and programs.
  • Community Health Nursing: includes public health nursing, home health, mental health nursing, street health, and parish nursing. Empowerment at individual and collective levels.
  • High-Priority Populations: People living in poverty, homeless individuals, disabled, and Indigenous peoples
  • Global health addresses a broad range of issues encompassing communicable and non-communicable diseases, environmental sustainability, gender equality, immigration, human rights and mental health
  • Cultural Safety: Understanding how culture impacts health beliefs, practices, and interactions, and ensuring appropriate approaches for various cultural groups.

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Description

This quiz explores key concepts in integrative healthcare, focusing on how it treats patients and the role of health literacy in patient education. It also addresses challenges faced in healthcare and examines effective teaching methods used by nurses. Test your knowledge on these important areas of health and education.

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