Inorganic Chemistry Basics
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Inorganic Chemistry Basics

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Questions and Answers

HBr is known as ______ acid.

hydrobromic

The conversion from -ate to -ic acid applies to ______ acids.

oxo

CuCl2 is named as copper(II) ______.

chloride

The formula for carbonic acid is ______.

<p>H2CO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

A common infant formula component includes calcium ______.

<p>phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

A substance consisting of atoms of two or more elements in a definite ratio is known as a ______.

<p>compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ formula shows the actual number of atoms of each element present in a molecule.

<p>molecular</p> Signup and view all the answers

For Vitamin C, the empirical formula is C3H4O3 and the ______ formula is C6H8O6.

<p>molecular</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dihydrogen monoxide is the chemical name for ______.

<p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Zohner's experiment, 43 out of 50 people voted to ban ______.

<p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

A major component of acid rain is ______ monoxide.

<p>dihydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

The common name gives little or no clue to a compound's ______.

<p>composition</p> Signup and view all the answers

The chemical formula for table salt is sodium ______.

<p>chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

Li2CO3 is known as lithium ______.

<p>carbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ ions have a maximum charge equal to their group number minus eight.

<p>Anions</p> Signup and view all the answers

To name a monoatomic anion, you add '-______' to the stem of the element.

<p>ide</p> Signup and view all the answers

The maximum charge for a nitride ion is ______.

<p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

The formula for sodium fluoride is ______.

<p>NaF</p> Signup and view all the answers

Monoatomic anions from Group VII are known as ______ ions.

<p>halide</p> Signup and view all the answers

When naming oxanions, the suffix '-______' is used for the form with more oxygen.

<p>ate</p> Signup and view all the answers

An oxanion with one less oxygen than its '-ate' form uses the suffix '-______'.

<p>ite</p> Signup and view all the answers

Phosphide is the anion of ______.

<p>phosphorus</p> Signup and view all the answers

______+ ions are characteristic of alkaline earth metals.

<p>Ca2</p> Signup and view all the answers

The chemical formula for phosphate is ______

<p>PO43–</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nitrate is represented by the formula ______

<p>NO3–</p> Signup and view all the answers

The chemical formula for hydrogenphosphate is ______

<p>HPO42–</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nitrite is represented by the formula ______

<p>NO2–</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dihydrogenphosphate has the chemical formula ______

<p>H2PO4–</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sulfate ion is symbolized as ______

<p>SO42–</p> Signup and view all the answers

Carbonate is represented by the formula ______

<p>CO32–</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hydroxide has the chemical formula ______

<p>OH–</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ammonium is represented by the formula ______

<p>NH4+</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hydrochloric acid is composed of ______ in aqueous solution

<p>HCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

A cation is a positively charged ion formed by the loss of ______ from a neutral atom.

<p>electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sodium ion is represented as ______+ in ionic nomenclature.

<p>Na</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cations of Group I elements have a characteristic charge number of ______.

<p>+1</p> Signup and view all the answers

The older nomenclature uses 'ous' and 'ic' to distinguish between ______ ions of the same element.

<p>different</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Stock number is used to distinguish between two ions of the same ______.

<p>element</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mercury(I) ion is represented as ______2+.

<p>Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

Copper(I) ion is also known as ______ and is represented as Cu+.

<p>cuprous</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cation for Iron(II) is represented as Fe______.

<p>2+</p> Signup and view all the answers

Group II elements typically form cations with a charge number of ______.

<p>+2</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lead(II) ion is also referred to as ______ in outdated nomenclature.

<p>plumbous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chemical Compounds

  • Compounds consist of two or more elements in a definite ratio.

  • Empirical Formula: Shows the simplest ratio of elements in a compound.

  • Molecular Formula: Shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.

Dihydrogen Monoxide

  • A clever science fair experiment tested public perception of chemicals.

  • Dihydrogen monoxide (H2O) was presented as a dangerous substance, resulting in 86% of participants voting to ban it.

  • This highlights the importance of understanding chemical nomenclature and properties.

Inorganic Chemical Nomenclature

  • Cations: Positively charged ions formed by loss of electrons from a neutral atom.

  • Naming Cations:

    • Add "ion" to the element name for common cations.
    • Use Stock numbers (Roman numerals) to indicate charge for metals with multiple cationic forms.
    • Older nomenclature used "ous" and "ic" endings.

  • Anions: Negatively charged ions formed by the gain of electrons from a neutral atom.

  • Naming Anions:

    • For monoatomic anions, add "ide" to the stem of the element name.
    • Oxanions:
      • Use "ate" ending for the most common form.
      • Use "ite" ending for one less oxygen than the "ate" form.

Naming Ionic Compounds

  • Name the cation first followed by the anion.
  • Omit the word "ion" in the name.
  • Prefixes are not used to indicate the number of anions.

Multi-Vitamin Preparations

  • Common inorganic compounds found in multi-vitamins:
    • Calcium compounds: CaHPO4, CaCO3
    • Magnesium Oxide: MgO
    • Iron compounds: Fe2+, C4H2FeO4
    • Zinc Oxide: ZnO
    • Manganese Sulfate: MnSO4
    • Copper Sulfate: CuSO4
    • Chromium Chloride: CrCl3
    • Sodium Molybdate: Na2MoO4
    • Potassium Iodide: KI
    • Sodium Selenate: Na2SeO4

Infant Formula

  • Common inorganic compounds found in infant formula:
    • Potassium Phosphate: K3PO4
    • Potassium Citrate: K3C6H5O7
    • Sodium Chloride: NaCl
    • Magnesium Chloride: MgCl2
    • Potassium Chloride: KCl
    • Iron Sulfate: FeSO4
    • Zinc Sulfate: ZnSO4
    • Copper Sulfate: CuSO4
    • Potassium Iodide: KI
    • Potassium Hydroxide: KOH
    • Sodium Selenate: Na2SeO4

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Description

Test your understanding of chemical compounds, including empirical and molecular formulas. This quiz also explores the fascinating public perception of dihydrogen monoxide and the rules for naming cations and anions. Enhance your grasp of inorganic chemical nomenclature.

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