Ingénierie Industrielle: Réseaux Locaux

Introduction

• The presentation is about industrial local networks.
• The presenter is Pr. ZBAKH Douae from the Université Abdelmalek Esaadi, ENSA de Tanger.
• The subject is titled "Industrial Local Networks".
• This is part of a course on Industrial Engineering and Logistics 2.

Chapter III: Manufacturing Automation Protocol (MAP)

• The chapter focuses on the MAP network, a Manufacturing Automation Protocol.

Plan

• The presentation includes sections on Introduction, MAP network architecture, and cooperation models.
• The presenter included 3 topics for this section: Introduction, Architecture du réseau MAP, and Modèles de cooperations.

Introduction: Problem Statement

• The aim is to meet market demands.
• Demands include increasing production and improving quality by preventing errors and downtime.
• Cost reduction is also a target and one approach is to optimize workforce efficiency.
• The solution involves complete automation of the production chain.
• The need for communication among different units.
• The need to ensure compatibility of the equipment and materials used in production.
• Creating Industrial Local Networks (RLIs) to ensure efficient communication.

Introduction: Protocol MAP

• The MAP protocol emerged due to the need for compatibility between various sub-systems in industrial settings.
• It was developed in the early 1980s at General Motors.

Introduction: Advantages of Automation

• Automation facilitates information exchange between different services and machines.
• This exchange improves efficiency by connecting design phases (CAD) to product assembly (the workshop).
• Shorter development cycles are possible.
• Manufacturing operations are better controlled due to the improvement in production monitoring.

Introduction: MAP protocol development overview

• Initial specification emerged in 1980, published in 1982, by General Motors.
• A user group for MAP was created in 1984, composed of manufacturers of machine tools, computer technology and MAP software.
• Chrysler, Ford, Boeing and Kodak were notable members of this early user group.
• The first marketable version of MAP was released in 1985.
• A significant European user group emerged in 1985 including BP, British Aerospace, BMW, Fiat, Jaguar, Philips, Renault, and Volkswagen.
• MAP version 3.0 was developed in 1988

MAP Network Architecture

• Two primary architecture versions exist for MAP networks: Full-MAP and Mini-MAP.
• Early versions (Full-MAP) followed the OSI model.
• Later versions (Mini-MAP) offered a simpler structure.
• The diagram illustrates the different layers of the OSI model (Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical).

MAP Network Architecture: Physical Layer

• Different topologies are used, including star, bus, and ring.
• The physical layer uses cable technologies, specifically a standardized coaxial cable (CATV 75 Ohms) for Full MAP
• Full-MAP networks were able utilize a 3.7 km cable length.
• Mini-MAP networks use a coaxial cable (either RG6 (rigid) or RG6 (flexible)) with a length limit of 700 meters.

Map Network Architecture: Data Link Layer

• The Data Link Layer uses a token bus, conforming to IEEE 802.4 standard.
• Procedures for token handling within the network are detailed to ensure timely data transmission while preventing data conflicts.
• Specialized frames regulate network processes (demand token, request successor, identify successor, conflict resolution)

MAP Network Architecture: Data Link Layer - Bridges

• Bridges are functional components used in MAP networks for creating sub-networks by separating and isolating segments
• Bridges ensure complete data receipt before re-transmission
• Their use helps to decrease the time a token takes to complete a circuit in the network.

MAP Network Architecture: Layers (LLC):

• The Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer is used for data transmission on a token-bus based network
• Full-MAP and Mini-MAP utilized different LLC modes (Datagram and Connection Oriented)
• Specific functions like "Information non numbered data packets", "Data Exchange Request", "Tests" and "Data Acknowledgement" and more which are performed with frames.

Cooperation Models

• Cooperation models describe communication methods among application processes in industrial local networks.
• These models are fundamental characteristics to local industrial networks.

Cooperation Models: Client-Server Model

• The client-server model is a structure where a client sends a request to a server who processes the request, and returns a response or answer.
• This model might be used in operations where the request processing time is variable
• A limitation is that if several clients send the same request simultaneously, the server has to process sequentially which can cause inefficiencies.
• An example of such system might be one involving a robot and two machine tools.

Cooperation Models: Producer-Consumer Model

• The producer-consumer model involves one component (the producer) supplying data to many components (consumers).
• Consumers are recognized as subscribers to maintain the integrity and reliability of the delivery of information.
• The producer must maintain a list of all active subscribers.

Cooperation Models: Producer-Distributor-Consumer Model

• This model is an extension of the producer-consumer approach
• It addresses problems with controlling time in managing multiple data-producing servers.
• The distributor handles some processes to ensure the time required to process information or requests can be synchronized effectively.
• A distributor is put in the network between the producer and consumers to better manage the flow of information/requests.

Ce quiz porte sur le chapitre III des réseaux locaux industriels, en se concentrant spécifiquement sur le protocole d'automatisation de la fabrication (MAP). Nous explorerons l'architecture du réseau MAP et les différents modèles de coopération. Préparez-vous à tester vos connaissances sur l'automatisation et l'ingénierie industrielle!