Réseaux Locaux Industriels et MAP
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Questions and Answers

Quel est le principal objectif du protocole MAP?

  • Assurer la sécurité du réseau
  • Augmenter la main d'oeuvre
  • Faciliter la communication entre différents systèmes (correct)
  • Réduire les coûts de production

Quels types d'entreprises ont été les premiers utilisateurs du protocole MAP?

  • Constructeurs automobiles et industriels (correct)
  • Entreprises de technologie de l'information
  • Startups en intelligence artificielle
  • Sociétés de télécommunications

Quelle année marque la première spécification du protocole MAP?

  • 1984
  • 1980 (correct)
  • 1982
  • 1985

Quel problème principal le protocole MAP cherche-t-il à résoudre?

<p>Compatibilité entre divers matériels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle motivation économique est mentionnée pour l'automatisation avec le protocole MAP?

<p>Raccourcissement du cycle de développement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle a été la première version publiée du protocole MAP?

<p>MAP 1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel est le type de câble utilisé pour le Full-M.A.P. ?

<p>Câble coaxial RG6 semi rigide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel développement important du protocole MAP a eu lieu en 1985?

<p>Publication de la première version commerciale (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle topologie parmi les suivantes n'est pas utilisée dans l'architecture du réseau MAP ?

<p>Maillage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel aspect de la production le protocole MAP cherche-t-il à améliorer?

<p>La communication entre machines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel modèle le réseau Full-M.A.P. a-t-il été conçu selon ?

<p>Modèle OSI (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle structure de gestion de l'anneau permet l'émission de jetons ?

<p>Sous couche MAC (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel est le diamètre maximum de transmission du Full-M.A.P. avec son câble ?

<p>3.7 kilomètres (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle norme est utilisée par M.A.P. pour la communication sur le bus ?

<p>IEEE 802.4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle est la norme développée spécifiquement pour les applications industrielles par M.A.P. ?

<p>M.M.S. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle est la longueur maximale d'un réseau Mini M.A.P. ?

<p>700 mètres (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel est le rôle principal des ponts dans un réseau local?

<p>Filtrer et isoler les sous-réseaux (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle caractéristique est essentielle pour les réseaux interconnectés utilisant des ponts?

<p>Un même format d'adresse et longueurs maximales de trame égales (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dans le modèle client/serveur, que fait le client?

<p>Émettre une demande de service au serveur (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle est la principale limite du modèle client/serveur?

<p>Incapacité de traiter plusieurs demandes simultanément (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quels types de processus sont en jeu dans un modèle de coopération client/serveur?

<p>Deux processus en relation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Que doit-on considérer lors d'une demande simultanée de services à plusieurs serveurs?

<p>Les demandes sont traitées séquentiellement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle est une des premières caractéristiques des réseaux locaux industriels (RLI)?

<p>Le modèle de coopération entre processus d'application (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel élément est essentiel pour diminuer le temps de rotation du jeton sur l'anneau?

<p>Utiliser des ponts pour filtrer les messages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel rôle le distributeur joue dans le modèle Producteur-distributeur-consommateur?

<p>Il transfère les données du producteur vers les consommateurs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle est une limite significative du modèle Producteur/consommateur?

<p>Il ne permet pas de synchronisation entre plusieurs producteurs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle est l'initiative laissée au producteur dans le modèle Producteur/consommateur?

<p>L'émission des données. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dans le modèle Producteur/distributeur-consommateur, quels processus prennent part?

<p>Un producteur, un distributeur, et des consommateurs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Comment le modèle Producteur/distributeur-consommateur améliore-t-il la gestion des données?

<p>Il permet de maîtriser le temps lors des échanges. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel est le principal avantage d'un abonné reconnu sans nom dans le modèle Producteur/consommateur?

<p>Il simplifie le processus d’émission. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qu'est-ce qui pourrait être considéré comme un inconvénient pour le producteur dans le modèle Producteur/consommateur?

<p>Il est lourdement sollicité par les émissions et les demandes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle technique est utilisée dans le modèle Producteur/consommateur pour l'émission de données?

<p>Diffusion générale ou multipoint. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Manufacturing Automation Protocol (MAP)

A communication protocol designed for industrial automation, primarily used to ensure compatibility between different production equipment.

Industrial Local Area Network (LAN)

A network connecting various machines and devices within a factory for communication and data exchange.

Protocol

A set of rules governing communication between different devices or systems in a network.

Compatibility

The ability of different systems or components to work together effectively.

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Automation

The use of technology to automatically control or operate processes.

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Production Requirements

The needs and demands related to manufacturing processes, including increasing production, improving quality & efficiency, and lowering costs.

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MAP Development Timeline

The historical progression of MAP specifications and versions, starting with General Motors development in the 1980s.

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Economic Motivation of Automation

The financial benefits of improving communication and information exchange between different production elements.

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Conflict resolution

Methods for resolving disagreements or problems in a network.

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Token-passing

A method of controlling access to a network using a token.

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Bridges (in networking)

Network devices that filter and isolate subnetworks.

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LLC sublayer

Lower layer of data link control, transparent to users.

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Client-server model

Cooperation model, processes request and returns.

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Cooperation model

Describes how application processes interact in a network.

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Client/Server limitations

Sequential processing of requests, can't handle simultaneous services to different clients.

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Client-multiserver model

Model where clients can request services concurrently from multiple servers (not explicitly in the text).

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MAP Network Architecture

MAP network has two versions: Full-MAP (OSI model) and Mini-MAP (simpler model).

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MAP Physical Layer Topology

MAP's physical layer uses three topologies: star, bus, and ring.

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MAP Physical Layer Cables

Full-MAP uses rigid RG6 coaxial cables (max 3.7 km), while Mini-MAP uses flexible RG6 or RG11 cables (max 700 m).

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MAP Data Link Layer MAC Sublayer

MAP uses IEEE 802.4 token bus protocol for data transmission.

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MAP Data Link Layer Services

MAP stations have duplicated services for handling token reception, transfer, emission, regeneration, station addition/removal, and ring initialization.

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MAP Management Frames

MAP uses specific frames for managing the token ring, including token requests, successor solicitations, and successor designations.

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Full-MAP

The original MAP version designed based on OSI model,supporting longer distances.

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Mini-MAP

Simplified version of MAP designed for shorter distances.

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Producer/Consumer Model

A cooperation model where a producer sends data to multiple consumers. Data can be broadcasted or sent to specific consumers.

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Producer/Consumer Model Limits

This model may overload the producer with too many requests or broadcasts and isn't designed to manage multiple simultaneous producers.

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Producer-Distributor-Consumer Model

An improved cooperation model that manages timing and synchronizes data from multiple producers to ensure consumers receive data correctly.

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Distributor's Role

The distributor manages data transfer from producers to consumers and ensures data is delivered efficiently and according to time constraints.

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Consumer's Role

A consumer or user is an application receiving data from the distributor.

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Producer's Role

A producer application is responsible for creating data.

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Model Limitations

Producer-consumer and producer-distributor models have limitations like heavy load for producers and difficulty synchronizing many producers.

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Data Broadcasting

The producer sends the same data to multiple consumers who can receive it.

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Study Notes

Introduction

  • The presentation is about Industrial Local Networks (Réseaux Locaux Industriels) and Manufacturing Automation Protocol (MAP).
  • The presentation is for a course on Industrial Engineering and Logistics.
  • The presenter's name is Pr. ZBAKH Douae, from the Abdelmalek Essaâdi University ENSA de Tanger.

Problem Statement

  • There is a need to enhance production, quality, and reduce costs in the market.
  • The solutions involve complete automation of production lines.
  • Creating an Industrial Local Network (RLI) to ensure communication.
  • Compatibility of materials within the production chain is a new challenge.
  • MAP protocols address the material compatibility issue.
  • Ensuring material compatibility is key.
  • Organizing communication according to a standardized protocol is crucial.

MAP Protocol

  • MAP protocols were introduced by General Motors in the 1980s, addressing the need for compatibility between various subsystems in industrial settings.
  • MAP was created to solve communication and compatibility problems in industrial settings in order to better link design (CAD) with production (factory).

MAP Protocol History

  • 1980: First specification by General Motors.
  • 1982: First published version by General Motors.
  • 1984: Formation of the first user group including manufacturers of machine tools, computing, and software developers including notably Chrysler, Ford, Boeing, and Kodak.
  • 1985: MAP 2.0, the first commercial version.
  • 1985: European user group of MAP, including BP, British Aerospace, BMW, Fiat, Jaguar, Philips, Renault, and Volkswagen.
  • 1988: MAP 3.0.

MAP Architecture

  • MAP architecture has two versions:
    • Full MAP, which is based on OSI model.
    • Mini MAP which is a simplified version of MAP protocol.
  • The layers of Full MAP follow the OSI model: Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, and Physical layers.
  • The Mini-MAP protocol is simpler than the Full-MAP protocol.
  • The physical layer topology includes star, bus, and ring topologies.
  • Cables used for the Physical layer include coaxial cables (RG6, semi-rigid or rigid).
  • The maximum length for a Full MAP system is 3.7 kilometers.
  • The maximum length for a Mini MAP system is 700 meters.
  • The Data Link layer protocol uses a token passing bus (IEEE 802.4).
  • Token passing on a bus structure.
  • Specific message types (e.g., token request, successor request):
  • Bridges (bridges are entities responsible for filtering and isolating sub networks).
  • Bridges improve communication by filtering data, and integrating multiple stations with the same format and size of messages.
  • The MAC sub-layer is transparent for users.
  • Data link layer protocols for the various MAP versions.

Cooperation Models

  • Cooperation models define how application processes interact within an industrial local network.
  • Client/Server:
    • One process (client) requests a service from another (server).
    • The server responds to the client's request.
    • The time taken for the operation can be unpredictable. (Limits).
    • Two clients may request the same service, making the process sequential.
    • A client may want to request multiple services from several servers, hence, it becomes sequential.
  • Producer/Consumer:
    • A producer creates data and sends it to one or many consumers.
    • Multiple transmission techniques are possible (e.g., broadcasting or multipoint).
    • The producer maintains a list of consumers.
    • Clients get the same values.
    • The consumer may trigger the production procedure.
    • Limits:
      • The producer can be overwhelmed by the volume of emission and requests.
      • Synchronizing multiple producers poses a challenge.
  • Producer/Distributor/Consumer:
    • An extension of the producer/consumer model.
    • Introducing a distributor process to manage and order the exchange of data, mitigating the limitations of the basic producer/consumer model, and ensuring that order of data transmissions is maintained.
    • Data transfer is managed in a serial order.
    • The distributor guarantees respect for time constraints.

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Related Documents

Réseaux Locaux Industriels (RLIs) - Projet de fin d’études 2014/2015 PDF

Description

Ce quiz aborde les réseaux locaux industriels et le protocole Manufacturing Automation Protocol (MAP). Il est destiné aux étudiants en ingénierie industrielle et logistique. Les thèmes principaux incluent l'automatisation de la production, la communication standardisée et la compatibilité des matériaux.

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