Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Etiology and Pathophysiology
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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes ulcerative colitis (UC) from Crohn disease (CD)?

  • UC is a transmural inflammation of gastrointestinal mucosa that may occur in any part of the GI tract, while CD is a mucosal inflammatory condition confined to the rectum and colon.
  • UC is primarily triggered by genetics, while CD is primarily triggered by environmental factors.
  • UC is a mucosal inflammatory condition confined to the rectum and colon, while CD is a transmural inflammation of gastrointestinal mucosa that may occur in any part of the GI tract. (correct)
  • UC is caused by excessive Th1 cytokine activity, while CD is caused by excessive Th2 cytokine activity.

    • Which cytokine is increased in the mucosa and intestinal lumen of patients with both Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)?

  • Interleukin-13 (IL-13)
  • Interferon-γ
  • Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (correct)
  • Interleukin-12 (IL-12)

    • What is a common factor that may trigger inflammation in genetically susceptible individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?

  • Reduced production of IL-12
  • Abnormal regulation of the innate immune response (correct)
  • Decreased expression of interferon-γ in the intestinal mucosa
  • Excessive Th2 cytokine activity

    • What are antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies associated with in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?

    <p>They are found in a high percentage of patients with UC and less frequently with CD.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the microflora of the GI tract play in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?

    <p>It provides an environmental trigger to activate inflammation in genetically susceptible individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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