Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a known treatment for Meningitis?
Which of the following is NOT a known treatment for Meningitis?
What is a common symptom that can be associated with Sepsis?
What is a common symptom that can be associated with Sepsis?
Which type of immunization is administered at birth for at-risk children?
Which type of immunization is administered at birth for at-risk children?
Which is NOT a recommended prevention strategy for Dermatophytosis?
Which is NOT a recommended prevention strategy for Dermatophytosis?
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Which complication is most associated with untreated Meningitis?
Which complication is most associated with untreated Meningitis?
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What is the primary mode of infection associated with Infective Mononucleosis?
What is the primary mode of infection associated with Infective Mononucleosis?
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Which of the following conditions is characterized by a virus that infects B lymphocytes?
Which of the following conditions is characterized by a virus that infects B lymphocytes?
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Which viral disease is known to cause a rash that begins on the face and spreads downward?
Which viral disease is known to cause a rash that begins on the face and spreads downward?
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What type of herpesvirus causes chicken pox?
What type of herpesvirus causes chicken pox?
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Which disease is commonly referred to as 'kissing disease'?
Which disease is commonly referred to as 'kissing disease'?
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Which virus is characterized by the complication of reinfection following latency?
Which virus is characterized by the complication of reinfection following latency?
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What is the primary complication associated with Respiratory Syncytial virus (RSV)?
What is the primary complication associated with Respiratory Syncytial virus (RSV)?
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Which childhood disease is directly associated with painful swelling of the salivary glands?
Which childhood disease is directly associated with painful swelling of the salivary glands?
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what do measles cause and what is the name of the virus that causes it?
what do measles cause and what is the name of the virus that causes it?
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what does Rubella cause and what is the name of the virus that causes it?
what does Rubella cause and what is the name of the virus that causes it?
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Study Notes
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2
- Also known as cold sores, HSV-1, HSV-2
- Transmitted through direct contact with an infected person
- Incubation period ranges from 2 to 12 days
- Symptoms include fever, headache, and painful blisters
- Treatment includes antiviral medications and pain relief
- Prevention includes avoiding contact with infected individuals
- Complications can include encephalitis, keratitis, and meningitis
- Reinfection is possible due to HSV's ability to remain latent in sensory neurons
Varicella
- Also called chickenpox
- Transmitted through respiratory droplets
- Incubation period is 10 to 21 days
- Symptoms include itchy rash with fluid-filled blisters, fever, headache, fatigue, and loss of appetite
- Treatment includes antiviral medications, calamine lotion for itch relief, and fever management
- Prevention includes the varicella vaccine
- Complications can include pneumonia, encephalitis, bacterial skin infections, and rarely, death
Infective Mononucleosis
- Also known as glandular fever, kissing disease, mono, and EBV (Epstein Barr virus)
- Transmitted through saliva
- Incubation period is 4 to 6 weeks
- Symptoms include fever, fatigue, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, headache, rash, and enlarged spleen
- Treatment focuses on symptom management and rest
- Prevention includes avoiding contact with infected individuals
- Complications can include hepatitis, splenic rupture, and neurological problems
Epidemic Parotitis
- Also known as mumps
- Transmitted through respiratory droplets
- Incubation period is 12 to 25 days
- Symptoms include swollen salivary glands, fever, headache, fatigue, muscle aches, and loss of appetite
- Prevention includes the MMR vaccine
- Complications can include orchitis (inflammation of the testicles), meningitis, encephalitis, and deafness
Enteroviral Vesicular Stomatitis with Exanthem
- Also known as hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD)
- Transmitted through direct contact with infected individuals, respiratory droplets, and fecal-oral route
- Incubation period is 3 to 6 days
- Symptoms include fever, sore throat, painful blisters in the mouth, hands, and feet
- Treatment focuses on symptom management
- Prevention includes hand hygiene and avoiding contact with infected individuals
Measles
- Also known as Rubeola, English measles, and red measles
- Transmitted through respiratory droplets
- Incubation period is 7 to 14 days
- Symptoms include fever, cough, runny nose, conjunctivitis, Koplik's spots, and characteristic rash
- There is no specific treatment available
Rubella
- Also known as German measles
- Transmitted through respiratory droplets, and possibly through the placenta
- Incubation period is 14 to 21 days
- Symptoms include fever, rash, swollen lymph nodes, headache, sore throat, and joint pain
- Treatment includes symptomatic relief
- Prevention includes the MMR vaccine
- Complications can include encephalitis, arthritis, miscarriage, and birth defects
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
- Transmitted through respiratory droplets and direct contact
- Incubation period is 4 to 6 days
- Symptoms include runny nose, cough, fever, wheezing, and difficulty breathing
- Treatment focuses on symptom management, including oxygen therapy and breathing treatments
- Prevention includes frequent hand washing and avoiding contact with infected individuals
- Long-term complications include bronchiolitis, recurrent wheezing, and asthma
Scarlet Fever
- Also known as scalatina
- Transmitted through respiratory droplets, often by a person with strep throat
- Incubation period is 2 to 5 days
- Symptoms include fever, sore throat, white patches on the tonsils, strawberry tongue, and characteristic red rash
- Treatment includes antibiotics
- Prevention includes hand hygiene and good cough etiquette
- Complications include complications can include otitis media, rheumatic fever, and glomerulonephritis
Whooping Cough
- Also known as pertussis
- Transmitted through respiratory droplets
- Incubation period is 7 to 14 days
- Symptoms include runny nose, fever, mild cough, and severe coughing bouts that can cause a “whooping” sound
- Treatment includes antibiotics and supportive care
- Prevention includes the pertussis vaccine
- Complications can include pneumonia, seizures, apnea, and brain damage
Dermatophytosis
- Also known as tinea, dermatomycosis, and ringworm
- Transmitted through direct contact with infected individuals, animals, or objects
- Types include tinea corporis (body), tinea pedis (foot), tinea cruris (groin), tinea capitis (scalp), and tinea unguium (nail)
- Symptoms include itchy, red, scaly patches with a characteristic ring shape
- Treatment involves antifungal medications and topical creams
- Prevention includes avoiding contact with infected individuals and maintaining good hygiene
Meningitis
- Causes include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites
- Transmitted through respiratory droplets, direct contact, and contaminated food or water
- Types include bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic
- Symptoms include fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, and confusion
- Treatment depends on the cause; may include antibiotics, antiviral medications, or antifungals
- Prevention includes vaccination, avoiding contact with infected individuals, and practicing good hygiene
- Complications can include hearing loss, brain damage, and death
Sepsis
- Caused by an infection that spreads to the bloodstream
- Transmitted through contact with an infected individual or object
- Most at risk: newborns, young children, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems
- Symptoms include fever, chills, rapid heartbeat, rapid breathing, confusion, lethargy, low blood pressure, and rash
- Treatment includes antibiotics and supportive care
- Prevention includes good hygiene, handwashing, vaccinations, and prompt treatment of infections
- Complications can include organ failure, shock, and death
NHS Immunizations
- BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) vaccine is given at birth to protect against tuberculosis
- Hepatitis B vaccine is given to children at risk for the infection
- At 2 months, infants are given the first dose of DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis), Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b), polio, and rotavirus vaccines
- At 3 months, children receive the second dose of DTaP, Hib, polio, and rotavirus vaccines.
- At 4 months, children receive the third dose of DTaP, Hib, polio, and rotavirus vaccines
- At 12 months, children receive the second dose of MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine, MenC (meningitis C), pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, and Hib vaccine
- Children and adults are recommended to receive the influenza vaccine annually
- Pre-school children are given the second dose of MMR at 3 years and 4 months
- 12 to 13 year olds receive the HPV vaccine
- At age 14, teens receive a booster dose of Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis) and MenACWY(Menigitis A C W and Y) vaccine, including the booster dose of MMR vaccine
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Description
This quiz covers key information about Herpes Simplex Virus types 1 and 2, including symptoms, transmission, and treatment. Additionally, it explores chickenpox (Varicella), highlighting its symptoms, prevention, and associated complications. Test your knowledge on these common infections and their management.
