21 Questions
What is the interval from the onset of nonspecific signs and symptoms to more specific symptoms known as?
Prodromal stage
Which infection precaution is applied to break the chain of infection at the portal of entry?
Gown, facemask, goggles, gloves
What is the term for an unexpected increase in the number of disease cases in a specific geographical area?
Epidemic
What is the term for a disease that is consistently present but limited to a particular region?
Endemic
What is the most important finding in the patient admitted to the hospital?
Vital signs instability
In the scenario of transferring a patient for an X-ray examination, who would be required to wear a mask?
Nurse and patient
Which activity for the bedridden patient would require standard precautions?
Nail care
What isolation precaution should be initiated for the 8-month-old child diagnosed with bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
Droplet
A HIV patient is at risk for which life-threatening disease?
Tuberculosis
Which type of precautions are needed for germs spread by touch, such as MRSA and Ebola?
Contact precautions
What is the incubation period of measles?
10-20 days
Which disease has an incubation period of 14-21 days and is communicable from 7 days before to about 5 days after the rash appears?
Rubella
What is the incubation period of chickenpox?
13-17 days
Which disease is transmitted through droplets and has a 2-5 day incubation period?
Diphtheria
What type of precautions are necessary for germs that float in the air, such as TB bacteria and coronaviruses?
Airborne precautions
Which disease has an incubation period of 13-17 days?
Chickenpox
How is rubella transmitted?
Through the air and transplacentally
What type of rooms are required for diseases like influenza and mumps, which require prevention of contact with mucus and secretions?
Positive pressure rooms
What is the communicable period for chickenpox?
1-2 days before the rash to 6 days after the vesicles crust over
What is the incubation period of diphtheria?
2-5 days
Which diagnostic test is used to identify infectious diseases like meningitis?
Lumbar puncture
Study Notes
Infectious Disease Control and Precautions
- Standard isolation includes considering all body fluids as infectious and using reverse isolation for individuals with compromised immune systems.
- Airborne precautions are necessary for germs that float in the air, such as TB bacteria and coronaviruses, requiring negative pressure rooms and N95 masks.
- Contact precautions are needed for germs spread by touch, such as MRSA and Ebola, requiring gown, gloves, and hand hygiene.
- Droplet precautions prevent contact with mucus and secretions, used for diseases like influenza and mumps, with a requirement for surgical masks and positive pressure rooms.
- Measles has an incubation period of 10-20 days and is transmitted through the air and transplacentally.
- Rubella has an incubation period of 14-21 days and is communicable from 7 days before to about 5 days after the rash appears.
- Chickenpox has an incubation period of 13-17 days and is communicable from 1-2 days before the rash to 6 days after the vesicles crust over.
- Diphtheria has a 2-5 day incubation period and is communicable for about 2 weeks, transmitted through droplets.
- Diagnostic tests such as lumbar puncture and assessment of symptoms are used to identify infectious diseases.
- Questions related to infectious diseases, such as distinguishing between epidemic, pandemic, and endemic, and appropriate precautions for specific diseases, are discussed.
- A nurse must adhere to specific isolation precautions, such as droplet precautions, when caring for patients with infectious diseases like meningococcal infection.
- Diagnostic interventions, such as lumbar puncture, and symptoms, such as headache and neck stiffness, are crucial in identifying and managing infectious diseases like meningitis.
Test your knowledge of infectious disease control and precautions with this quiz. Explore standard, airborne, and contact precautions, as well as the characteristics and transmission of specific diseases like measles, rubella, and chickenpox. Assess your understanding of diagnostic tests and interventions for identifying and managing infectious diseases.
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